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ADJ: adjective

Definition

Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes. They may also function as predicates, as in

El cotxe és verd. “The car is green.”

In Catalan, adjectives normally follow the noun, e.g. La casa groga “The yellow house”, although sometimes they may also precede the noun, e.g. La blanca neu “The white snow”.

Adjectives in Catalan agree in number and gender with the noun they modify, e.g. la casa groga (femenine singular), les cases grogues (femenine plural).

The class of adjectives in Catalan UD also includes ordinal numbers and participial adjectives, both behaving as adjectives morphologically and syntactically. Note that participles are word forms that may share properties and usage of adjectives and verbs. Depending on context, they may be classified as either VERB or ADJ.

To conform to the UD guidelines, possessive adjectives are handled as determiners DET.

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Catalan)

There are 3816 ADJ lemmas (14%), 6525 ADJ types (17%) and 30045 ADJ tokens (5%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of ADJ is: 3 in number of lemmas, 4 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADJ lemmas: nou, primer, gran, català, passat, polític, general, espanyol, últim, públic

The 10 most frequent ADJ types: passat, gran, primer, nou, primera, general, nova, catalana, espanyol, grans

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: nou (ADJ 805, NUM 75, NOUN 6), primer (ADJ 696, ADV 17, NOUN 3, NUM 1), gran (ADJ 413, NOUN 2), català (ADJ 408, NOUN 127, PROPN 3), passat (ADJ 380, NOUN 30, PROPN 1), polític (ADJ 313, NOUN 47), general (ADJ 297, NOUN 25, PROPN 1), espanyol (ADJ 287, NOUN 28), últim (ADJ 285, ADV 2, NOUN 1), públic (ADJ 283, NOUN 68)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: passat (ADJ 331, VERB 84, NOUN 30, AUX 4, PROPN 1), primer (ADJ 308, ADV 12, NOUN 2), nou (ADJ 288, NUM 75, NOUN 6), primera (ADJ 263, NUM 1), general (ADJ 261, NOUN 24, PROPN 1), nova (ADJ 251, PROPN 2, NOUN 1), catalana (ADJ 152, PROPN 2), espanyol (ADJ 150, NOUN 15), grans (ADJ 141, NOUN 4, PROPN 1), baix (ADJ 25, NOUN 7, ADV 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADJ is 1.709906 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.413295).

The 1st highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “baix”: baix, baixa, baixes, baixet, baixos.

The 2nd highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “bo”: bo, bon, bona, bones, bons.

The 3rd highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “previ”: previ, previs, prvies, prèvia, prèvies.

ADJ occurs with 5 features: ca-feat/Number (29655; 99% instances), ca-feat/Gender (20196; 67% instances), ca-feat/VerbForm (5589; 19% instances), ca-feat/NumType (1582; 5% instances), ca-feat/AdpType (1; 0% instances)

ADJ occurs with 7 feature-value pairs: AdpType=Prep, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, NumType=Ord, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, VerbForm=Part

ADJ occurs with 17 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Number=Sing (6537 tokens). Examples: gran, general, passat, primer, nou, primera, actual, nova, important, social

Relations

ADJ nodes are attached to their parents using 21 different relations: ca-dep/amod (24983; 83% instances), ca-dep/conj (1287; 4% instances), ca-dep/dobj (1063; 4% instances), ca-dep/root (772; 3% instances), ca-dep/ccomp (378; 1% instances), ca-dep/advmod (362; 1% instances), ca-dep/acl (287; 1% instances), ca-dep/advcl (283; 1% instances), ca-dep/nsubj (168; 1% instances), ca-dep/iobj (114; 0% instances), ca-dep/name (93; 0% instances), ca-dep/appos (64; 0% instances), ca-dep/csubj (59; 0% instances), ca-dep/nmod (54; 0% instances), ca-dep/xcomp (44; 0% instances), ca-dep/mwe (16; 0% instances), ca-dep/parataxis (11; 0% instances), ca-dep/dep (3; 0% instances), ca-dep/det (2; 0% instances), ca-dep/case (1; 0% instances), ca-dep/mark (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADJ nodes belong to 17 different parts of speech: NOUN (24051; 80% instances), VERB (2350; 8% instances), ADJ (1301; 4% instances), PROPN (976; 3% instances), ROOT (772; 3% instances), NUM (215; 1% instances), PRON (109; 0% instances), ADP (64; 0% instances), DET (63; 0% instances), ADV (57; 0% instances), AUX (29; 0% instances), CONJ (24; 0% instances), SYM (23; 0% instances), SCONJ (8; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances), PUNCT (1; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)

21923 (73%) ADJ nodes are leaves.

3090 (10%) ADJ nodes have one child.

1812 (6%) ADJ nodes have two children.

3220 (11%) ADJ nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADJ node is 16.

Children of ADJ nodes are attached using 26 different relations: ca-dep/punct (3610; 17% instances), ca-dep/nmod (3083; 14% instances), ca-dep/advmod (2391; 11% instances), ca-dep/cop (2039; 9% instances), ca-dep/dobj (1998; 9% instances), ca-dep/conj (1465; 7% instances), ca-dep/cc (1405; 6% instances), ca-dep/nsubj (1388; 6% instances), ca-dep/det (815; 4% instances), ca-dep/mark (795; 4% instances), ca-dep/case (610; 3% instances), ca-dep/advcl (490; 2% instances), ca-dep/aux (416; 2% instances), ca-dep/neg (332; 2% instances), ca-dep/csubj (247; 1% instances), ca-dep/name (176; 1% instances), ca-dep/amod (155; 1% instances), ca-dep/acl (150; 1% instances), ca-dep/xcomp (132; 1% instances), ca-dep/ccomp (23; 0% instances), ca-dep/nummod (20; 0% instances), ca-dep/parataxis (13; 0% instances), ca-dep/auxpass:reflex (7; 0% instances), ca-dep/dep (6; 0% instances), ca-dep/mwe (4; 0% instances), ca-dep/appos (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADJ nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: NOUN (4632; 21% instances), PUNCT (3612; 17% instances), ADV (2590; 12% instances), VERB (2062; 9% instances), AUX (1597; 7% instances), CONJ (1389; 6% instances), ADJ (1301; 6% instances), PROPN (1289; 6% instances), DET (863; 4% instances), ADP (751; 3% instances), SCONJ (689; 3% instances), PRON (472; 2% instances), SYM (390; 2% instances), NUM (128; 1% instances), PART (5; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)


ADJ in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]