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POS tags

POS tags fi

Open class words Closed class words Other
ADJ ADP PUNCT
ADV AUX SYM
INTJ CONJ X
NOUN DET
PROPN NUM
VERB PART
PRON
SCONJ

ADJ:
adjective

Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes.

UD Finnish annotation follows VISK in assigning pro-adjectives the ADJ tag (e.g. tämä/PRON “this” → tällainen/ADJ “like this”; see e.g. VISK § 610; in Finnish).

Examples

  • [fi] suuri “big”, vanha “old”, vihreä “green”
  • [fi] tällainen “like this”, tuollainen “like that”, semmoinen “like it”

References

edit ADJ

ADP:
adposition

 edit ADP

ADV:
adverb

Adverbs are words that typically modify adjectives, verbs or other adverbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner.

Examples

  • [fi] hyvin suuri “very large”
  • [fi] erittäin vaikea “extremely difficult”

References

edit ADV

AUX:
auxiliary verb

 edit AUX

CONJ:
coordinating conjunction

A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them.

For subordinating conjunctions, see SCONJ.

In correlative (paired) coordinating conjuctions such as sekä - että “both - and” and joko - tai “either - or”, both words are annotated CONJ (see also cc:preconj).

Examples

  • [fi] ja “and”, tai “or”, mutta “but”
  • [fi] sekä koirat että kissat “both dogs and cats”

References

edit CONJ

DET:
determiner

Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context.

Finnish has no true articles (see e.g. WALS) and many formalizations of Finnish morphology don’t involve a determiner (or related) tag. However, words such as yksi “one” and se “that” are used similarly to articles, especially in spoken language.

Examples

  • [fi] yksi mies lähti “a/one man left”
  • [fi] se mies lähti “the/that man left”

References

Diffs

Turku Dependency Treebank

No DET tag (or related) is annotated in TDT, and DET is not used in the current version of the UD Finnish corpus.

edit DET

INTJ:
interjection

 edit INTJ

NOUN:
noun

Nouns inflect for case and number and denote things such as people, places, things, animals and ideas.

Proper nouns are not annotated as NOUN but rather PROPN.

Examples

  • [fi] tyttö “girl”
  • [fi] kissa “cat”
  • [fi] puu “tree”

References

edit NOUN

NUM:
numeral

 edit NUM

PART:
particle

The UD Finnish annotation does not use the u-pos/PART part of speech. See ADV, ADP, CONJ, SCONJ, INTJ for tags applying to words that have been termed “particles” in some descriptions of Finnish.

References

Diffs

FinnTreeBank

The FI_FTB-corpus follows the general UD documentation in recognizing the particle as a part-of-speech category. The specification between PART, ADV and ADP has been carried out as in ISK § 792 (in Finnish).

edit PART

PRON:
pronoun

Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context.

See also PronType.

Examples

  • [fi] minä, sinä, hän, me, te, he “I, you, he/she, we, you, they” (personal pronouns)
  • [fi] itse “self” (reflexive pronoun)
  • [fi] tämä, tuo, se, nämä, nuo, ne “this, that, it/that, these, those, they/those” (demonstrative pronouns)
  • [fi] kuka, mikä, kumpi “who, what, which” (interrogative pronouns)
  • [fi] joka, mikä “who, that” (relative pronouns)
  • [fi] TODO (indefinite pronouns)
  • [fi] TODO (totality pronouns)
  • [fi] TODO (negative pronouns)
  • [fi] muu “other”, sama “same”

References

edit PRON

PROPN:
proper noun

 edit PROPN

PUNCT:
punctuation

Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used to delimit linguistic units in printed text.

Examples

  • Period: .
  • Comma: ,
  • Parentheses: ()
edit PUNCT

SCONJ:
subordinating conjunction

 edit SCONJ

SYM:
symbol

A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function, or both.

Examples

  • $, %, §, ©
  • +, −, ×, ÷, =, <, >
  • :), ♥‿♥, 😝
  • john.doe@universal.org, http://universaldependencies.org/, 1-800-COMPANY
edit SYM

VERB:
verb

Verbs typically inflect for tense, mood and person and signal events and actions. Verbs can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause.

Auxiliary and modal verbs are not annotated as VERB but rather AUX.

Examples

  • [fi] juosta, syödä “run, eat”
  • [fi] ei “no” (negation verb)

References

edit VERB

X:
other

The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.

Foreign words appearing inside native text are tagged X (see also Foreign).

Examples

  • [fi] Uskoo ken tahtsssszzt brrrzzzt.
  • [fi] Opimme fyysikoiden “Let’s assume a spherical cow” -lähestymistavan.
edit X