Features

The feature Case is used for the following Ancient Greek PoS: ADJ, DET, NOUN, NUM, PRON, PROPN, VERB (only with participles). In oder to get a detailed overview on how case is realized in Ancient Greek, see Smyth’s Grammar (189-340; 347-354).

In Ancient Greek we distinguish the following 5 cases:

Nom: nominative

Gen: genitive

Dat: dative

Acc: accusative

Voc: vocative

Remants of old cases, such as the locative, are annotated as the corresponding syncretic case or as adverbs.

Degree applies to adjectives and adverbs.

Pos: positive, first degree

This feature is not used.

Cmp: comparative, second degree

The quality of one object is compared to the same quality of another object. For an account of how the comparative is morphologically realized in Ancient Greek see Smyth 1920: 86-90 and 101. For the the use of the comparative see Smyth 1920: 279-282.

Examples

• δηλότερος “clearer”
• ἀμείνων “better”
• μείζων “greter”

Sup: superlative, third degree

The quality of one object is compared to the same quality of all other objects within a set. This corresponds in Ancient Greek to the the relative superlative, which can be morphologically realized like the absolute superlative. For an account for the morphology of the superlative see Smyth 1920: 86-90. For the the use of the superlative see Smyth 1920: 282-283.

Examples

• ὁ κράτιστος “the most powerful”

Abs: absolute superlative

The quality of the given object is so strong that there is hardly any other object exceeding it. The quality is not actually compared to any particular set of objects. This corresponds in Ancient Greek to the the absolute superlative, which can be morphologically realized like the relative superlative. For an account for the morphology of the superlative see Smyth 1920: 86-90. For the the use of the superlative see Smyth 1920: 282-283.

Examples

• ἥδιστα “most pleasantly”

References

Smyth, Herbert Weir. 1920. A Greek Grammar for Colleges. New York: American Book Company (Perseus Digital Library; Internet Archive).

Ancient Greek distinguishes three values for the feature Gender: masculine, feminine, and neuter. This feature applies to the following PoS: ADJ, DET, NOUN, NUM, PRON, PROPN, VERB (only with participles).

Masc: masculine gender

Nouns denoting male persons are masculine. Other nouns may be also grammatically masculine, without any relation to sex.

Examples

• ναύτης “seaman”

Fem: feminine gender

Nouns denoting female persons are feminine. Other nouns may be also grammatically feminine, without any relation to sex.

Examples

• γυνή “woman”

Neut: neuter gender

nouns that are neither masculine nor feminine (grammatically).

Examples

• παιδίον “little child”

Com: common gender

It is not used. Note that if a noun can be both masculine or feminine, the gender annotated is the one the noun bears in a given occurrence.