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`acl`: clausal modifier of noun

The dependency type acl is used for relative clauses and clausal complements of nouns. For a relative clause, the head of the dependency is the noun modified by the clause, and the dependant is the main predicate of the clause.



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
太郎 が 食べ た リンゴ \n Taro NOM eat PAST apple
acl(リンゴ, 食べ)
case(太郎, が)
aux(食べ, た)
{
    "text": "太郎 が 食べ た リンゴ \n Taro NOM eat PAST apple ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 5, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 8, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 10, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 16, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 21, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 25, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 29, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 34, 39 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "acl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

Formal noun こと / koto “fact” can have a clausal complement and forms a noun phrase denoting the action expressed by the clause. For a example, 走る / hashiru “run” こと / koto “fact” means running (or a fact that someone runs).



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
ほめ られ た こと \n praise PASSIVE PAST fact
acl(こと, ほめ)
auxpass(ほめ, られ)
aux(ほめ, た)
{
    "text": "ほめ られ た こと \n praise PASSIVE PAST fact ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 6, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 8, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 13, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 20, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 28, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 33, 37 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "acl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R2", "auxpass", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R3", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

Treebank Statistics (UD_Japanese-KTC)

This relation is universal.

8370 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as acl.

8370 instances of acl (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 2.98996415770609.

The following 26 pairs of parts of speech are connected with acl: NOUN-VERB (6816; 81% instances), NOUN-NOUN (643; 8% instances), NOUN-ADJ (630; 8% instances), PROPN-VERB (161; 2% instances), PROPN-NOUN (20; 0% instances), NOUN-DET (19; 0% instances), VERB-VERB (14; 0% instances), NOUN-ADV (12; 0% instances), NOUN-PROPN (11; 0% instances), PRON-VERB (8; 0% instances), PROPN-ADJ (7; 0% instances), CONJ-VERB (6; 0% instances), NUM-VERB (5; 0% instances), CONJ-NOUN (4; 0% instances), VERB-NOUN (3; 0% instances), ADJ-VERB (1; 0% instances), CONJ-ADJ (1; 0% instances), NOUN-CONJ (1; 0% instances), NOUN-NUM (1; 0% instances), NOUN-PART (1; 0% instances), NOUN-PRON (1; 0% instances), PRON-ADJ (1; 0% instances), PRON-NOUN (1; 0% instances), PROPN-CONJ (1; 0% instances), PROPN-PROPN (1; 0% instances), VERB-DET (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 8	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8	fgColor:white
# visual-style 11	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11	fgColor:white
# visual-style 11 8 acl	color:blue
1	_	然し	CONJ	CONJ	_	13	cc	_	Offset=0-3
2	_	_	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	1	punct	_	Offset=3-4
3	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	4	compound	_	Offset=4-5
4	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	8	nsubj	_	Offset=5-8
5	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	4	case	_	Offset=8-9
6	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	8	iobj	_	Offset=9-12
7	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	6	case	_	Offset=12-13
8	_	_	VERB	VERB	_	11	acl	_	Offset=13-15
9	_	為る	AUX	AUX	_	8	aux	_	Offset=15-16
10	_	_	AUX	AUX	_	8	aux	_	Offset=16-17
11	_	事	NOUN	NOUN	_	13	nsubj	_	Offset=17-19
12	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	11	case	_	Offset=19-20
13	_	有る	VERB	VERB	_	25	advcl	_	Offset=20-22
14	_	_	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	13	punct	_	Offset=22-23
15	_	クボ	PROPN	PROPN	_	16	compound	_	Offset=23-25
16	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	25	nsubj	_	Offset=25-26
17	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	16	case	_	Offset=26-27
18	_	先駆け	NOUN	NOUN	_	21	nmod	_	Offset=27-31
19	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	18	case	_	Offset=31-32
20	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	18	case	_	Offset=32-33
21	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	25	iobj	_	Offset=33-35
22	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	21	case	_	Offset=35-36
23	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	25	dobj	_	Offset=36-38
24	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	23	case	_	Offset=38-39
25	_	持つ	VERB	VERB	_	0	root	_	Offset=39-41
26	_	_	SCONJ	SCONJ	_	25	mark	_	Offset=41-42
27	_	居る	AUX	AUX	_	25	aux	_	Offset=42-44
28	_	_	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	25	punct	_	Offset=44-45

# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 12	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12	fgColor:white
# visual-style 12 9 acl	color:blue
1	_	_	ADV	ADV	_	12	advmod	_	Offset=0-2
2	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	3	compound	_	Offset=2-3
3	_	_	PROPN	PROPN	_	4	compound	_	Offset=3-5
4	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	8	dobj	_	Offset=5-7
5	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	4	case	_	Offset=7-8
6	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	8	nmod	_	Offset=8-10
7	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	6	case	_	Offset=10-12
8	_	作る	VERB	VERB	_	9	acl	_	Offset=12-15
9	_	積り	NOUN	NOUN	_	12	acl	_	Offset=15-18
10	_	だ	AUX	AUX	_	9	cop	_	Offset=18-20
11	_	_	AUX	AUX	_	9	aux	_	Offset=20-21
12	_	訳	NOUN	NOUN	_	0	root	_	Offset=21-23
13	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	12	case	_	Offset=23-24
14	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	12	dep	_	Offset=24-25
15	_	無い	AUX	AUX	_	12	dep	_	Offset=25-27
16	_	_	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	12	punct	_	Offset=27-28

# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 4 acl	color:blue
1	_	_	ADJ	ADJ	_	2	amod	_	Offset=0-3
2	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	4	nsubj	_	Offset=3-5
3	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	2	case	_	Offset=5-6
4	_	_	ADJ	ADJ	_	5	acl	_	Offset=6-8
5	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	7	nmod	_	Offset=8-10
6	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	5	case	_	Offset=10-11
7	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	9	nsubj	_	Offset=11-12
8	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	7	case	_	Offset=12-13
9	_	勝つ	VERB	VERB	_	18	iobj	_	Offset=13-15
10	_	_	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	9	punct	_	Offset=15-16
11	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	13	nsubj	_	Offset=16-18
12	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	11	case	_	Offset=18-19
13	_	_	ADJ	ADJ	_	14	acl	_	Offset=19-21
14	_	_	NOUN	NOUN	_	16	dep	_	Offset=21-23
15	_	_	PART	PART	_	14	case	_	Offset=23-25
16	_	_	VERB	VERB	_	9	conj	_	Offset=25-28
17	_	_	ADP	ADP	_	9	case	_	Offset=28-29
18	_	_	VERB	VERB	_	0	root	_	Offset=29-31
19	_	_	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	18	punct	_	Offset=31-32

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acl: clausal modifier of noun

Treebank Statistics (UD_Japanese-KTC)

`acl`: clausal modifier of noun