dobj: direct object
The direct object of a verb is the noun phrase that denotes the entity acted upon. Most often the direct object is in the accusative case but there are verbs that require their objects be in other cases (except for nominative and vocative).
Accusative example:
Я купил машину . \n I have-bought car .
dobj(купил, машину)
dobj(have-bought, car)
Genitive example:
Я не боюсь этого . \n I-am not afraid of this .
dobj(боюсь, этого)
dobj(afraid, this)
Dative example:
Но это не соответствует действительности . \n But this not corresponds to-reality .
dobj(соответствует, действительности)
dobj(corresponds, to-reality)
Instrumental example:
Президент руководит страной . \n The President rules the country .
dobj(руководит, страной)
dobj(rules, country)
In general, if there is just one object, it should be labeled dobj,
regardless of the morphological case or semantic role that it bears. If there are two or more
objects, one of them should be dobj and the others should be
iobj. In such cases it is necessary to decide what is the most
directly affected object (patient). The one exception is when there is a clausal complement. Then the clausal complement is regarded as a “clausal direct object” and an object nominal will be an iobj.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)
This relation is universal.
2597 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as dobj.
2258 instances of dobj (87%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.10127069695803.
The following 23 pairs of parts of speech are connected with dobj: ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NOUN (2178; 84% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PRON (145; 6% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PROPN (120; 5% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/DET (73; 3% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NUM (15; 1% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADJ (14; 1% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/NOUN (9; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/NOUN (9; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/SYM (8; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/PRON (5; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/PROPN (4; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/VERB (3; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/X (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADP-ru-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NUM-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/PRON-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances).
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# visual-style 8 9 dobj color:blue
1 В _ ADP IN _ 2 case _ _
2 выборах _ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _
3 могли _ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past 0 root _ _
4 участвовать _ VERB VB Aspect=Imp 3 xcomp _ _
5 только _ X UH _ 6 discourse _ _
6 граждане _ NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _
7 , _ PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _
8 платящие _ VERB VBNL Animacy=Anim|Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act 6 acl _ _
9 налоги _ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Number=Plur 8 dobj _ _
10 . _ PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _
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# visual-style 2 3 dobj color:blue
1 Они _ PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 nsubj _ _
2 вели _ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past 0 root _ _
3 себя _ PRON PRP Case=Acc|Reflex=Yes 2 dobj _ _
4 , _ PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _
5 словно _ SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _
6 оба _ NUM CD Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc 8 nsubj _ _
7 не _ PART NEG _ 8 neg _ _
8 ожидали _ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past 2 advcl _ _
9 встретить _ VERB VB Aspect=Perf 8 xcomp _ _
10 друг _ NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 dobj _ _
11 друга _ NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _
12 . _ PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
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# visual-style 5 7 dobj color:blue
1 Ещё _ ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _
2 в _ ADP IN _ 3 case _ _
3 правление _ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _
4 отца _ NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
5 получил _ VERB VBC Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past 0 root _ _
6 Западную _ ADJ JJL Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 amod _ _
7 Моравию _ PROPN NNP Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 dobj _ _
8 ( _ PUNCT ( _ 9 punct _ _
9 1029 _ ADJ JJL Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ _
10 ) _ PUNCT ) _ 9 punct _ _
11 . _ PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)
This relation is universal.
88674 nodes (9%) are attached to their parents as dobj.
74805 instances of dobj (84%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.09660103299727.
The following 26 pairs of parts of speech are connected with dobj: ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NOUN (43481; 49% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/NOUN (29732; 34% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PRON (6359; 7% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADJ (3265; 4% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/NOUN (1600; 2% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/NOUN (1484; 2% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/PRON (1262; 1% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/ADJ (475; 1% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/PRON (334; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/SYM (212; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/ADJ (202; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/PRON (119; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/ADJ (64; 0% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/SYM (37; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADV (15; 0% instances), ru-pos/PART-ru-pos/PRON (12; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/SYM (5; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/SYM (3; 0% instances), ru-pos/SYM-ru-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/INTJ-ru-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/PART-ru-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/PRON-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/SCONJ-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/SYM-ru-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PART (1; 0% instances).
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# visual-style 7 4 dobj color:blue
1 Разумеется РАЗУМЕЕТСЯ ADV _ Degree=Pos 6 parataxis _ _
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _
3 эти ЭТОТ DET _ Case=Acc|Number=Plur 4 det _ _
4 объяснения ОБЪЯСНЕНИЕ NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur 7 dobj _ _
5 вряд_ли ВРЯД_ЛИ ADV _ Degree=Pos 6 advmod _ _
6 можно МОЖНО ADV _ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _
7 счесть СЧИТАТЬ VERB _ Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf 6 nsubj _ _
8 убедительными УБЕДИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ADJ _ Case=Ins|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur 7 dobj _ _
9 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _
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# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 1 2 dobj color:blue
1 Определения ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur 0 root _ _
2 алгоритма АЛГОРИТМ NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 dobj _ _
3 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _
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1 Она ОНА PRON _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 означает ОЗНАЧАТЬ VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
3 нечто НЕЧТО PRON _ _ 2 dobj _ _
4 принципиально ПРИНЦИПИАЛЬНО ADV _ Degree=Pos 5 advmod _ _
5 другое ДРУГОЙ ADJ _ Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 3 amod _ _
6 - - PUNCT - _ 5 punct _ _
7 продолжение ПРОДОЛЖЕНИЕ NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ _
8 работы РАБОТА NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 dobj _ _
9 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
dobj in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]