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advcl: adverbial clause modifier

An adverbial clause modifier is a clause which modifies a verb or other predicate (adjective, etc.), as a modifier not as a core complement. This includes things such as a temporal clause, consequence, conditional clause, purpose clause, etc. The dependent must be clausal (or else it is an advmod) and the dependent is the main predicate of the clause.

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info
  
The accident happened as the night was falling
advcl(happened, falling)
{
    "text": "The accident happened as the night was falling ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 13, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 22, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 25, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 29, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 35, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 39, 46 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
If you know who did it , you should tell the teacher
advcl(tell, know)
{
    "text": "If you know who did it , you should tell the teacher ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 7, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 12, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 16, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 20, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 23, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 25, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 29, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T10", "token", [ [ 36, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T11", "token", [ [ 41, 44 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T12", "token", [ [ 45, 52 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
He talked to him in order to secure the account
advcl(talked, secure)
{
    "text": "He talked to him in order to secure the account ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T5", "token", [ [ 17, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 20, 25 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 26, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T8", "token", [ [ 29, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T9", "token", [ [ 36, 39 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T10", "token", [ [ 40, 47 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

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info
  
He was upset when I talked to him
advcl(upset, talked)
{
    "text": "He was upset when I talked to him ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T3", "token", [ [ 7, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T5", "token", [ [ 18, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T6", "token", [ [ 20, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T7", "token", [ [ 27, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T8", "token", [ [ 30, 33 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-R1", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ]
}

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info
  
They heard about you missing classes.
advcl(heard, missing)
{
    "text": "They heard about you missing classes. ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T3", "token", [ [ 11, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T4", "token", [ [ 17, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T5", "token", [ [ 21, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T6", "token", [ [ 29, 37 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-R1", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ]
}

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English)

This relation is universal.

4577 nodes (2%) are attached to their parents as advcl.

3445 instances of advcl (75%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 6.9602359624208.

The following 55 pairs of parts of speech are connected with advcl: VERB-VERB (3045; 67% instances), ADJ-VERB (500; 11% instances), VERB-ADJ (221; 5% instances), VERB-NOUN (172; 4% instances), NOUN-VERB (158; 3% instances), ADV-VERB (111; 2% instances), ADJ-ADJ (47; 1% instances), VERB-ADV (43; 1% instances), PRON-VERB (27; 1% instances), ADJ-NOUN (26; 1% instances), VERB-PROPN (23; 1% instances), ADV-ADJ (22; 0% instances), ADV-AUX (17; 0% instances), NOUN-NOUN (15; 0% instances), VERB-PRON (14; 0% instances), VERB-AUX (12; 0% instances), NOUN-ADJ (11; 0% instances), AUX-VERB (10; 0% instances), SYM-VERB (9; 0% instances), VERB-PART (8; 0% instances), NUM-VERB (7; 0% instances), VERB-NUM (7; 0% instances), ADJ-ADV (6; 0% instances), ADV-ADV (6; 0% instances), PROPN-VERB (6; 0% instances), DET-VERB (5; 0% instances), NOUN-ADV (5; 0% instances), ADJ-AUX (4; 0% instances), ADJ-PROPN (4; 0% instances), ADV-NOUN (3; 0% instances), ADJ-PRON (2; 0% instances), ADP-VERB (2; 0% instances), ADV-NUM (2; 0% instances), NOUN-PROPN (2; 0% instances), PART-VERB (2; 0% instances), PRON-PROPN (2; 0% instances), PROPN-ADV (2; 0% instances), VERB-INTJ (2; 0% instances), ADJ-DET (1; 0% instances), ADJ-INTJ (1; 0% instances), ADP-X (1; 0% instances), ADV-SYM (1; 0% instances), AUX-ADV (1; 0% instances), CONJ-VERB (1; 0% instances), DET-ADJ (1; 0% instances), DET-NOUN (1; 0% instances), NOUN-AUX (1; 0% instances), NOUN-SYM (1; 0% instances), NUM-ADJ (1; 0% instances), NUM-NOUN (1; 0% instances), PART-ADV (1; 0% instances), PRON-ADV (1; 0% instances), PRON-INTJ (1; 0% instances), PROPN-NOUN (1; 0% instances), VERB-DET (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 10	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 10	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 10 advcl	color:blue
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	troops	troops	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fired	fire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	hostile	hostile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
10	killing	kill	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	advcl	_	_
11	4	4	NUM	CD	NumType=Card	10	dobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_

# visual-style 8	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 8 advcl	color:blue
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	complicated	complicated	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	right	right	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	trying	try	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	dobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_

# visual-style 12	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 12 advcl	color:blue
1	i	i	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	tonight	tonight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:tmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux	_	_
8	wasted	wasted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
9	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	anyone	anyone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	interested	interested	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ESL)

This relation is universal.

2537 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as advcl.

1917 instances of advcl (76%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 7.0670082774931.

The following 37 pairs of parts of speech are connected with advcl: VERB-VERB (1447; 57% instances), ADJ-VERB (421; 17% instances), VERB-ADJ (178; 7% instances), NOUN-VERB (122; 5% instances), VERB-NOUN (117; 5% instances), ADJ-ADJ (49; 2% instances), ADV-VERB (38; 1% instances), NOUN-ADJ (28; 1% instances), ADV-ADJ (18; 1% instances), ADJ-NOUN (16; 1% instances), PROPN-VERB (16; 1% instances), VERB-ADV (16; 1% instances), NOUN-NOUN (12; 0% instances), ADJ-ADV (10; 0% instances), ADV-ADV (4; 0% instances), ADV-AUX (4; 0% instances), AUX-VERB (4; 0% instances), PRON-VERB (4; 0% instances), VERB-PROPN (4; 0% instances), NUM-VERB (3; 0% instances), VERB-AUX (3; 0% instances), VERB-NUM (3; 0% instances), ADJ-AUX (2; 0% instances), ADJ-PROPN (2; 0% instances), DET-VERB (2; 0% instances), NOUN-NUM (2; 0% instances), VERB-PRON (2; 0% instances), ADJ-PRON (1; 0% instances), ADV-NOUN (1; 0% instances), ADV-PROPN (1; 0% instances), AUX-NOUN (1; 0% instances), DET-ADJ (1; 0% instances), DET-NOUN (1; 0% instances), NOUN-ADV (1; 0% instances), NOUN-AUX (1; 0% instances), NOUN-PROPN (1; 0% instances), X-VERB (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 12	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 12 advcl	color:blue
1	_	_	PRON	EX	_	2	expl	_	_
2	_	_	VERB	VBZ	_	0	root	_	_
3	_	_	DET	DT	_	5	det	_	_
4	_	_	ADJ	JJ	_	5	amod	_	_
5	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	2	nsubj	_	_
6	_	_	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	_	_	VERB	VB	_	5	acl	_	_
8	_	_	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	_	_	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	_	_	DET	DT	_	11	det	_	_
11	_	_	NOUN	NNS	_	12	nsubj	_	_
12	_	_	VERB	VBP	_	2	advcl	_	_
13	_	_	PART	RB	_	12	neg	_	_
14	_	_	VERB	VB	_	12	xcomp	_	_
15	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	14	dobj	_	_
16	_	_	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_

# visual-style 14	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 14	fgColor:white
# visual-style 11	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11	fgColor:white
# visual-style 11 14 advcl	color:blue
1	_	_	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	3	nsubj	_	_
3	_	_	VERB	VBP	_	0	root	_	_
4	_	_	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	_	_	VERB	VB	_	3	xcomp	_	_
6	_	_	DET	DT	_	7	det	_	_
7	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	5	dobj	_	_
8	_	_	DET	DT	_	11	nsubj	_	_
9	_	_	VERB	VBZ	_	11	cop	_	_
10	_	_	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	_	_	ADJ	JJ	_	3	parataxis	_	_
12	_	_	ADV	WRB	_	14	mark	_	_
13	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	14	nsubj	_	_
14	_	_	VERB	VBP	_	11	advcl	_	_
15	_	_	PART	RB	_	14	neg	_	_
16	_	_	DET	DT	_	18	det	_	_
17	_	_	ADJ	JJ	_	18	amod	_	_
18	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	14	dobj	_	_
19	_	_	CONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
20	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	18	conj	_	_
21	_	_	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
22	_	_	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_

# visual-style 19	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 19	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 19 advcl	color:blue
1	_	_	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	_	_	DET	PRP$	_	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	_	_	NOUN	NNS	_	9	nmod	_	_
4	_	_	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	_	_	DET	DT	_	6	det	_	_
6	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	3	nmod	_	_
7	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	9	nsubj	_	_
8	_	_	AUX	MD	_	9	aux	_	_
9	_	_	VERB	VB	_	0	root	_	_
10	_	_	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	_	_	VERB	VB	_	9	xcomp	_	_
12	_	_	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	_	_	DET	DT	_	15	det	_	_
14	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	15	compound	_	_
15	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	11	nmod	_	_
16	_	_	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	19	nsubj	_	_
18	_	_	VERB	VBZ	_	19	cop	_	_
19	_	_	ADJ	JJR	_	9	advcl	_	_
20	_	_	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
21	_	_	VERB	VBG	_	24	cop	_	_
22	_	_	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	_	_	DET	DT	_	24	det	_	_
24	_	_	NOUN	NN	_	19	nmod	_	_
25	_	_	CONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
26	_	_	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
27	_	_	PRON	PRP	_	28	nsubj	_	_
28	_	_	VERB	VBP	_	19	conj	_	_
29	_	_	ADV	RBR	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	_	_	ADJ	JJ	_	28	advmod	_	_
31	_	_	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English-LinES)

This relation is universal.

1420 nodes (2%) are attached to their parents as advcl.

1057 instances of advcl (74%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 7.51338028169014.

The following 23 pairs of parts of speech are connected with advcl: VERB-VERB (1260; 89% instances), ADJ-VERB (61; 4% instances), NOUN-VERB (29; 2% instances), VERB-AUX (23; 2% instances), AUX-VERB (10; 1% instances), PRON-VERB (9; 1% instances), ADP-VERB (8; 1% instances), ADJ-ADJ (3; 0% instances), ADV-VERB (2; 0% instances), NOUN-NOUN (2; 0% instances), ADJ-NOUN (1; 0% instances), ADJ-PROPN (1; 0% instances), ADV-AUX (1; 0% instances), DET-VERB (1; 0% instances), INTJ-VERB (1; 0% instances), NOUN-ADJ (1; 0% instances), NOUN-ADV (1; 0% instances), NOUN-PRON (1; 0% instances), PART-VERB (1; 0% instances), PRON-NOUN (1; 0% instances), PROPN-VERB (1; 0% instances), VERB-NOUN (1; 0% instances), VERB-PROPN (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 9 advcl	color:blue
1	He	_	PRON	PERS-P3SG-NOM	_	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	_	VERB	PAST	_	0	root	_	_
3	there	_	ADV	_	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	dumbly	_	ADV	_	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	in	_	ADP	_	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	_	PRON	P3SG-GEN	_	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	seat	_	NOUN	SG	_	2	nmod	_	_
8	,	_	PUNCT	Comma	_	9	punct	_	_
9	looking	_	VERB	ING	_	2	advcl	_	_
10	back	_	ADV	_	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	at	_	ADP	_	_	12	case	_	_
12	Stillman	_	PROPN	SG	_	9	nmod	_	_
13	.	_	PUNCT	Period	_	2	punct	_	_

# visual-style 11	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 11 advcl	color:blue
1	Not	_	PART	NEG	_	2	neg	_	_
2	once	_	ADV	_	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	does	_	AUX	PRES-AUX	_	5	aux	_	_
4	he	_	PRON	PERS-P3SG-NOM	_	5	nsubj	_	_
5	claim	_	VERB	INF	_	0	root	_	_
6	to	_	PART	_	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	_	VERB	INF	_	8	cop	_	_
8	present	_	ADJ	POS	_	5	xcomp	_	_
9	at	_	ADP	_	_	11	case	_	_
10	what	_	PRON	WH-REL	_	11	nsubj	_	_
11	happens	_	VERB	PRES	_	8	advcl	_	_
12	.	_	PUNCT	Period	_	5	punct	_	_

# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 9 advcl	color:blue
1	You	_	PRON	PERS-P2	_	5	nsubj	_	_
2	must	_	AUX	PRES-AUX	_	5	aux	_	_
3	be	_	VERB	INF	_	5	cop	_	_
4	a	_	DET	IND-SG	_	5	det	_	_
5	Jew	_	NOUN	SG	_	0	root	_	_
6	,	_	PUNCT	Comma	_	9	punct	_	_
7	we	_	PRON	PERS-P1PL-NOM	_	9	nsubj	_	_
8	are	_	AUX	PRES-AUX	_	9	aux	_	_
9	speaking	_	VERB	ING	_	5	advcl	_	_
10	Yiddish	_	NOUN	SG	_	9	dobj	_	_
11	.	_	PUNCT	Period	_	5	punct	_	_

---

advcl in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

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