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nmod: nominal modifier

The nmod relation is used for nominal modifiers. They depend either on another noun (group “noun dependents”) or on a predicate (group “non-core dependents of clausal predicates”).

nmod is a noun (or noun phrase) functioning as a non-core (oblique) argument or adjunct. This means that it functionally corresponds to an adverbial when it attaches to a verb, adjective or other adverb. But when attaching to a noun, it corresponds to an attribute, or genitive complement (the terms are less standardized here).

• the possessive alternation:

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
Купих й плат за рокля . \n Bought-I her.CLITIC cloth for dress  .
nmod(плат, рокля)
nmod(cloth, dress)
{
    "text": "Купих й плат за рокля . \n Bought-I her.CLITIC cloth for dress . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 8, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 16, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 22, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 26, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 35, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 46, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 52, 55 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T12", "token", [ [ 56, 61 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T13", "token", [ [ 62, 63 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T12" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

• nmod is also used for temporal nominal modifiers:

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
Валя цяла нощ . \n Rained-it all night .
nmod(Валя, нощ)
nmod(Rained-it, night)
{
    "text": "Валя цяла нощ . \n Rained-it all night . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 14, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 18, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 28, 31 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 32, 37 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 38, 39 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

• predicate modification:

От всички маси ги следяха враждебни погледи . \n From all tables them.CLITIC followed hostile gazes  .
nmod(следяха, маси)
nmod(followed, tables)

• noun-noun modification:

Най-често Йовка мислеше за стринка си Елка . \n More-often Yovka was-thinking about aunt her.REFL Elka  .
nmod(стринка, Елка)
nmod(aunt, Elka)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Bulgarian)

This relation is universal.

21425 nodes (14%) are attached to their parents as nmod.

18984 instances of nmod (89%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 3.1383430571762.

The following 51 pairs of parts of speech are connected with nmod: NOUN-NOUN (9765; 46% instances), VERB-NOUN (4680; 22% instances), NOUN-PROPN (3260; 15% instances), ADJ-NOUN (676; 3% instances), PROPN-PROPN (671; 3% instances), PROPN-NOUN (344; 2% instances), VERB-PROPN (325; 2% instances), VERB-PRON (316; 1% instances), ADV-NOUN (243; 1% instances), NOUN-PRON (185; 1% instances), NOUN-ADJ (123; 1% instances), VERB-VERB (107; 0% instances), ADJ-PROPN (85; 0% instances), NOUN-NUM (78; 0% instances), ADJ-PRON (76; 0% instances), NUM-NOUN (70; 0% instances), DET-NOUN (69; 0% instances), VERB-ADJ (49; 0% instances), VERB-ADP (37; 0% instances), NUM-NUM (34; 0% instances), VERB-NUM (28; 0% instances), ADV-PRON (26; 0% instances), NOUN-DET (24; 0% instances), NOUN-ADP (19; 0% instances), VERB-DET (18; 0% instances), PRON-NOUN (17; 0% instances), ADV-PROPN (16; 0% instances), NOUN-VERB (15; 0% instances), DET-PRON (9; 0% instances), NUM-PRON (8; 0% instances), VERB-ADV (7; 0% instances), DET-ADJ (6; 0% instances), NOUN-ADV (6; 0% instances), NUM-ADJ (5; 0% instances), ADV-ADJ (4; 0% instances), ADJ-ADJ (3; 0% instances), DET-PROPN (3; 0% instances), INTJ-NOUN (3; 0% instances), NUM-PROPN (2; 0% instances), VERB-PART (2; 0% instances), ADJ-ADP (1; 0% instances), ADJ-ADV (1; 0% instances), ADJ-DET (1; 0% instances), ADJ-VERB (1; 0% instances), ADV-NUM (1; 0% instances), DET-NUM (1; 0% instances), NUM-DET (1; 0% instances), PRON-DET (1; 0% instances), PRON-PRON (1; 0% instances), PRON-PROPN (1; 0% instances), PROPN-ADJ (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 11	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 11 nmod	color:blue
1	В	в	ADP	R	_	3	case	_	_
2	чистата	чист	ADJ	Afsd	Definite=Def|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	3	amod	_	_
3	тишина	тишина	NOUN	Ncfsi	Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
4	се	се	PRON	Ppxta	Case=Acc|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	5	expl	_	_
5	носеше	нося-(се)	VERB	Vpitf-m3s	Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
6	равният	равен	ADJ	Amsf	Definite=Def|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	9	amod	_	_
7	и	и	CONJ	Cp	_	6	cc	_	_
8	самотен	самотен	ADJ	Amsi	Definite=Ind|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	глас	глас	NOUN	Ncmsi	Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
10	на	на	ADP	R	_	11	case	_	_
11	кукувицата	кукувица	NOUN	Ncfsd	Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	.	.	PUNCT	punct	_	5	punct	_	_

# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 2 nmod	color:blue
1	След	след	ADP	R	_	2	case	_	_
2	седмица	седмица	NOUN	Ncfsi	Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
3	отиде	отида-(си)	VERB	Vppif-o3s	Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
4	у	у	ADP	R	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ганини	ганини	PROPN	H-pi	Definite=Ind|Number=Plur	3	iobj	_	_
6	.	.	PUNCT	punct	_	3	punct	_	_

# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1	fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 2 nmod	color:blue
1	Село	село	NOUN	Ncnsi	Definite=Ind|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing	4	nsubjpass	_	_
2	Драгалевци	драгалевци	PROPN	Np-li	Definite=Ind|Number=Ptan	1	nmod	_	_
3	е	съм	AUX	Vxitf-r3s	Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	4	auxpass	_	_
4	разположено	разположа-(се)	VERB	Vpptcv--sni	Aspect=Perf|Definite=Ind|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	в	в	ADP	R	_	6	case	_	_
6	полите	пола	NOUN	Ncfpd	Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur	4	iobj	_	_
7	на	на	ADP	R	_	8	case	_	_
8	Витоша	витоша	PROPN	Npfsi	Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	.	.	PUNCT	punct	_	4	punct	_	_

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nmod in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

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