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vocative: vocative

The vocative relation is used to mark dialogue participant addressed in text. The relation links the addressee’s name to its host sentence. In Czech, the addressee’s name must also appear in the vocative cs-feat/Case form.

Pane , jste blázen ! \n Sir , you-are a-fool !
vocative(jste, Pane)
vocative(you-are, Sir)

Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)

This relation is universal.

81 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as vocative.

45 instances of vocative (56%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 4.34567901234568.

The following 11 pairs of parts of speech are connected with vocative: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NOUN (49; 60% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PROPN (15; 19% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NOUN (6; 7% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PROPN (3; 4% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NOUN (2; 2% instances), cs-pos/CONJ-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 1% instances), cs-pos/INTJ-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 1% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 1% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 1% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 1% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADJ (1; 1% instances).

# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 3 1 vocative	color:blue
1	Občane	občan	NOUN	NNMS5-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	3	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	3	punct	_	_
3	chceš	chtít	VERB	VB-S---2P-AA---	Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
4	dýchat	dýchat	VERB	Vf--------A----	Aspect=Imp|Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
5	čistý	čistý	ADJ	AAIS4----1A----	Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	6	amod	_	_
6	vzduch	vzduch	NOUN	NNIS4-----A----	Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	4	dobj	_	_
7	a	a	CONJ	J^-------------	_	4	cc	_	LId=a-1
8	mít	mít	VERB	Vf--------A----	Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
9	také	také	ADV	Db-------------	_	8	advmod	_	LGloss=(rovněž)
10	teplo	teplo	NOUN	NNNS4-----A----	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	8	dobj	_	SpaceAfter=No|LId=teplo-1
11	?	?	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	3	punct	_	_

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# visual-style 4 7 vocative	color:blue
1	Co	co	PRON	PQ--4----------	Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|PronType=Int,Rel	4	dobj	_	LId=co-1
2	by	být	AUX	Vc-------------	Mood=Cnd|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	tomu	ten	PRON	PDZS3----------	Case=Dat|Gender=Masc,Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	iobj	_	_
4	řekl	říci	VERB	VpYS---XR-AA---	Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	9	ccomp	_	_
5	táta	táta	NOUN	NNMS1-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	4	punct	_	_
7	Pavle	Pavel	PROPN	NNMS5-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	4	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No|LId=Pavel-1
8	?	?	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	4	punct	_	_
9	zeptá	zeptat	VERB	VB-S---3P-AA---	Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
10	se	se	PRON	P7-X4----------	Case=Acc|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Variant=Short	9	expl	_	LGloss=(zvr._zájmeno/částice)
11	jednoduše	jednoduše	ADV	Dg-------1A----	Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	9	punct	_	_

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# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 2 7 vocative	color:blue
1	Skleněná	skleněný	ADJ	AAFS1----1A----	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	2	amod	_	_
2	louka	louka	NOUN	NNFS1-----A----	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	4	punct	_	_
4	Máj	máj	NOUN	NNIS1-----A----	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Ó	ó	INTJ	II-------------	_	7	dep	_	LId=ó-1
7	králi	král	NOUN	NNMS5-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	2	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	7	punct	_	_
9	dobrou	dobrý	ADJ	AAFS4----1A----	Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	10	amod	_	_
10	noc	noc	NOUN	NNFS4-----A----	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	7	punct	_	_


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CAC)

This relation is universal.

58 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as vocative.

32 instances of vocative (55%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 4.53448275862069.

The following 7 pairs of parts of speech are connected with vocative: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NOUN (42; 72% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PROPN (8; 14% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NOUN (3; 5% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NOUN (2; 3% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 2% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 2% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PRON (1; 2% instances).

# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
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1	Soudruhu	soudruh	NOUN	NNMS5-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
2	doktore	doktor	NOUN	NNMS5-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	10	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	10	punct	_	_
4	o	o	ADP	RR--6----------	AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc	5	case	_	LId=o-1
5	čem	co	PRON	PQ--6----------	Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|PronType=Int,Rel	10	dobj	_	LId=co-1
6	se	se	PRON	P7-X4----------	Case=Acc|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Variant=Short	10	auxpass:reflex	_	LGloss=(zvr._zájmeno/částice)
7	na	na	ADP	RR--6----------	AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc	8	case	_	LId=na-1
8	besedě	beseda	NOUN	NNFS6-----A----	Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
9	hlavně	hlavně	ADV	Dg-------1A----	Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos	10	advmod	_	LDeriv=hlavní
10	hovořilo	hovořit	VERB	VpNS---XR-AA---	Aspect=Imp|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	10	punct	_	_

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# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
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1	"	"	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	7	punct	_	_
2	Ladislave	Ladislav	PROPN	NNMS5-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	7	vocative	_	_
3	Falto	Falta	PROPN	NNMS5-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Sur|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	2	name	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	7	punct	_	_
5	už	už	ADV	Db-------------	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	jste	být	AUX	VB-P---2P-AA---	Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	7	aux	_	_
7	sbalil	sbalit	VERB	VpYS---XR-AA---	Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
8	kufr	kufr	NOUN	NNIS4-----A----	Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	7	dobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	7	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	7	punct	_	_

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# visual-style 3 6 vocative	color:blue
1	"	"	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	3	punct	_	_
2	Váš	tvůj	DET	PSYS1-P2-------	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Plur|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	det	_	LGloss=(přivlast.)
3	závěr	závěr	NOUN	NNIS1-----A----	Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No|LGloss=(př._z_jednání,_úvah)
4	,	,	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	3	punct	_	_
5	soudruhu	soudruh	NOUN	NNMS5-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
6	náměstku	náměstek	NOUN	NNMS5-----A----	Animacy=Anim|Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing	3	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	3	punct	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	Z:-------------	_	3	punct	_	_


vocative in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]