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ADP: adposition

Adpositions is a term that covers both prepositions and postpositions. Irish only has prepositions.

Regular prepositions

There are simple and compound prepositions in Irish.

Inflected prepositions

16 of the most common simple prepositions can be inflected to mark pronominal objects. These are referred to as pronominal prepositions or prepositional pronouns.

Examples

Progressive aspectual phrases

The preposition “ag” is also used in conjunction with verbal nouns to form progressive aspectual phrases.

Examples

Treebank Statistics (UD_Irish)

There are 65 ADP lemmas (2%), 168 ADP types (3%) and 3627 ADP tokens (15%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of ADP is: 7 in number of lemmas, 5 in number of types and 2 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADP lemmas: i, ar, le, ag, do, de, ó, faoi, mar, chun

The 10 most frequent ADP types: ar, i, ag, le, sa, de, leis, ina, mar, ann

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: i (ADP 731, PART 19), ar (ADP 637, PART 17, VERB 3), le (ADP 435, PART 8), ag (ADP 425, X 1), do (ADP 255, PART 77, DET 19, X 1), de (ADP 253, PART 9, X 1), ó (ADP 127, PART 31, SCONJ 2, INTJ 1), faoi (ADP 106, X 3, PART 1), mar (ADP 81, SCONJ 42), go (PART 246, ADP 39, SCONJ 15)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: ar (ADP 498, PART 12, VERB 9), le (ADP 212, PART 1), de (ADP 123, PART 8), ina (ADP 85, PART 12), mar (ADP 76, SCONJ 39), do (ADP 70, PART 18, DET 17), in (ADP 66, PRON 1, NOUN 1), san (ADP 45, X 16, PRON 4), don (ADP 41, PROPN 1), go (PART 240, ADP 37, SCONJ 15)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADP is 2.584615 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.449988).

The 1st highest number of forms (18) was observed with the lemma “do”: d’, dhaoibh, dhá, dhúinn, di, do, dom, domsa, don, dos, duit, dá, dár, dó, dóibh, dósan, dúinn, á.

The 2nd highest number of forms (15) was observed with the lemma “ag”: a’, a’m, acu, ag, agaibh, againn, againne, agam, agamsa, agat, agatsa, agena, aice, aici, aige.

The 3rd highest number of forms (13) was observed with the lemma “le”: le, leat, leatsa, leis, lena, lenár, leo, leosan, linn, liom, liomsa, léi, léithe.

ADP occurs with 8 features: ga-feat/Number (1170; 32% instances), ga-feat/Person (776; 21% instances), ga-feat/PronType (434; 12% instances), ga-feat/Gender (433; 12% instances), ga-feat/Poss (200; 6% instances), ga-feat/PrepForm (166; 5% instances), ga-feat/Form (23; 1% instances), ga-feat/PartType (1; 0% instances)

ADP occurs with 14 feature-value pairs: Form=Emph, Form=Len, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, PartType=Deg, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Poss=Yes, PrepForm=Cmpd, PronType=Art, PronType=Prs

ADP occurs with 32 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (2270 tokens). Examples: ar, i, ag, le, de, leis, mar, chun, do, in

Relations

ADP nodes are attached to their parents using 20 different relations: ga-dep/case (2900; 80% instances), ga-dep/nmod:prep (469; 13% instances), ga-dep/xcomp:pred (62; 2% instances), ga-dep/conj (38; 1% instances), ga-dep/root (36; 1% instances), ga-dep/compound (35; 1% instances), ga-dep/mark (20; 1% instances), ga-dep/ccomp (13; 0% instances), ga-dep/nsubj (8; 0% instances), ga-dep/compound:prt (7; 0% instances), ga-dep/mark:prt (7; 0% instances), ga-dep/nmod (6; 0% instances), ga-dep/advcl (5; 0% instances), ga-dep/advmod (5; 0% instances), ga-dep/xcomp (5; 0% instances), ga-dep/dobj (4; 0% instances), ga-dep/acl:relcl (3; 0% instances), ga-dep/name (2; 0% instances), ga-dep/csubj:cop (1; 0% instances), ga-dep/nmod:poss (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADP nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: NOUN (2794; 77% instances), VERB (385; 11% instances), PROPN (193; 5% instances), ADJ (59; 2% instances), PRON (48; 1% instances), ROOT (36; 1% instances), ADP (30; 1% instances), X (28; 1% instances), NUM (26; 1% instances), ADV (8; 0% instances), CONJ (8; 0% instances), SCONJ (5; 0% instances), DET (4; 0% instances), PUNCT (2; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances)

3436 (95%) ADP nodes are leaves.

98 (3%) ADP nodes have one child.

32 (1%) ADP nodes have two children.

61 (2%) ADP nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADP node is 8.

Children of ADP nodes are attached using 21 different relations: ga-dep/nmod (104; 25% instances), ga-dep/punct (70; 17% instances), ga-dep/cop (47; 11% instances), ga-dep/csubj:cleft (37; 9% instances), ga-dep/conj (25; 6% instances), ga-dep/compound (23; 6% instances), ga-dep/cc (22; 5% instances), ga-dep/det (15; 4% instances), ga-dep/advcl (12; 3% instances), ga-dep/mark (11; 3% instances), ga-dep/nsubj (9; 2% instances), ga-dep/advmod (7; 2% instances), ga-dep/case (6; 1% instances), ga-dep/nummod (5; 1% instances), ga-dep/acl:relcl (4; 1% instances), ga-dep/nmod:prep (4; 1% instances), ga-dep/xcomp (3; 1% instances), ga-dep/ccomp (2; 0% instances), ga-dep/dobj (2; 0% instances), ga-dep/xcomp:pred (2; 0% instances), ga-dep/mark:prt (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADP nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: NOUN (103; 25% instances), VERB (101; 25% instances), PUNCT (70; 17% instances), PRON (45; 11% instances), ADP (30; 7% instances), CONJ (28; 7% instances), PROPN (11; 3% instances), SCONJ (9; 2% instances), NUM (6; 1% instances), X (5; 1% instances), ADV (3; 1% instances)


ADP in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]