Definite: definiteness or state
Definiteness in Slovenian is an inflectional feature of masculine word forms in nominative and accusative singular that distinguishes whether we are talking about something known and concrete, or something general or unknown. It is currently marked on some adjectives and some determiners.
Ind: indefinite
Examples
- rdeč avto “a red car”
- dvojen umor “a double homicide”
- drug način “another way”
- sosedov sin “neighbour’s son”
Def: definite
Examples
- rdeči avto “the red car”
- dvojni umor “the double homicide”
- drugi način “the other way”
- slovenski grb “the Slovenian coat-of-arms”
Conversion from JOS
All adjectives and numerals with feature Definiteness=yes are converted to Definite=Def and all adjectives and numerals with feature Definiteness=no are converted to Definite=Ind.
However, note that definiteness has not been sufficiently solved within JOS, as it could also be attributed to other POS categories or category types, such as ordinal written numerals (prvi, drugi, tretji) and pronouns (neki). Consequently, some inconsistencies occur, as different JOS categories are merged into one UD category. For example, JOS-adjective slovenski “Slovenian” has feature Definite=Def, whereas JOS-numeral prvi “the first” does not have any Definite feature, although they are both tagged as UD ADJ and display identical grammatical characteristics.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Slovenian)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 2 different values: Def, Ind.
2068 tokens (1%) have a non-empty value of Definite.
1288 types (4%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Definite.
1051 lemmas (6%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Definite.
The feature is used with 1 part-of-speech tags: sl-pos/ADJ (2068; 1% instances).
ADJ
2068 sl-pos/ADJ tokens (14% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Definite.
The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Definite co-occurred: Number=Sing (2068; 100%), Gender=Masc (2068; 100%), Degree=Pos (1940; 94%), VerbForm=EMPTY (1704; 82%), Case=Nom (1419; 69%).
ADJ tokens may have the following values of Definite:
Def(1130; 55% of non-emptyDefinite): pravi, novi, državni, slovenski, drugi, veliki, glavni, največji, edini, prejšnjiInd(938; 45% of non-emptyDefinite): sam, velik, nov, drug, pomemben, prepričan, dober, podoben, pripravljen, sprejetEMPTY(12959): mogoče, prvi, druge, drugi, novo, drugih, nove, različnih, veliko, drugo
| Paradigm drug | Ind | Def |
|---|---|---|
| Case=Acc | drug | drugi |
| Case=Nom | drug | drugi |
Definite seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 91% lemmas (954) occur only with one value of Definite.
Relations with Agreement in Definite
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Definite:
ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (97; 88%),
ADJ –[nsubj]–> ADJ (2; 100%).
Treebank Statistics (UD_Slovenian-SST)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 2 different values: Def, Ind.
313 tokens (1%) have a non-empty value of Definite.
207 types (3%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Definite.
193 lemmas (5%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Definite.
The feature is used with 1 part-of-speech tags: sl-pos/ADJ (313; 1% instances).
ADJ
313 sl-pos/ADJ tokens (19% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Definite.
The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Definite co-occurred: Gender=Masc (313; 100%), Number=Sing (313; 100%), Degree=Pos (285; 91%), VerbForm=EMPTY (265; 85%), Case=Nom (240; 77%).
ADJ tokens may have the following values of Definite:
Def(148; 47% of non-emptyDefinite): drugi, mali, stari, pravi, zalivski, boljši, edini, morski, naslednji, celiInd(165; 53% of non-emptyDefinite): dober, lep, sam, cel, velik, vnet, slab, znan, drug, moderEMPTY(1352): dobro, drugo, prvi, zanimivo, druga, drugega, glavnem, lepa, rdeča, druge
| Paradigm drug | Ind | Def |
|---|---|---|
| Case=Acc | drugi | |
| Case=Nom | drug | drugi |
Definite seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 93% lemmas (180) occur only with one value of Definite.
Relations with Agreement in Definite
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Definite:
ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (6; 75%),
ADJ –[amod]–> ADJ (1; 100%).
Definite in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]