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PRON: pronoun

Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context.

See also PronType.

Examples

References


Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)

There are 48 PRON lemmas (0%), 599 PRON types (1%) and 11924 PRON tokens (7%). Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 11 in number of lemmas, 7 in number of types and 6 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: se, joka, tämä, hän, minä, mikä, kaikki, muu, jokin, sinä

The 10 most frequent PRON types: se, hän, sen, joka, sitä, siitä, tämä, tämän, jotka, ne

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: joka (PRON 1667, ADV 6), kaikki (PRON 487, ADV 1), muu (PRON 378, ADV 1), toinen (PRON 171, ADJ 136, NOUN 36), itse (PRON 165, ADV 119), yksi (NUM 173, PRON 47), ainoa (PRON 30, ADJ 5, NOUN 1), harva (PRON 8, ADJ 4, ADV 1), usea (ADJ 107, PRON 4), useampi (PRON 2, ADJ 2)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: sen (PRON 476, ADV 13), joka (PRON 467, ADV 6), sitä (PRON 303, ADV 18, CONJ 2), tämän (PRON 181, ADV 1), mitä (PRON 177, ADV 12, CONJ 4, SCONJ 1), kaikki (PRON 170, ADV 1), siinä (PRON 74, ADV 13), tästä (PRON 55, ADV 1), jotain (PRON 79, ADV 2), sillä (SCONJ 138, PRON 59)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 12.479167 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.036755).

The 1st highest number of forms (46) was observed with the lemma “se”: Senhän, Siinäpä, Sitähän, ne, nekin, niiden, niidenkin, niihin, niil, niilki, niille, niillä, niilläkin, niiltä, niinä, niissä, niistä, niistäkin, niit, niitten, niitä, se, sehän, sekin, sekään, sen, senkin, senkään, sieltä, siihe, siihen, siihenkin, siin, siinä, siitä, siitähän, siitäkin, siitäs, sille, sillä, silläkin, siltä, sinä, sitä, sitäkin, sitäkään.

The 2nd highest number of forms (45) was observed with the lemma “minä”: Mehän, me, meidän, meidät, meil, meille, meillä, meilläkin, meiltä, meistä, meitä, meiäm, meiän, mekin, mie, minua, minulla, minulle, minulta, minultakin, minun, minunkin, minussa, minussakin, minusta, minut, minutkin, minuun, minä, minähän, minäkin, minäkään, minäpä, mua, mul, mull, mulla, mulle, mullekin, multa, mun, musta, mut, mä, mää.

The 3rd highest number of forms (39) was observed with the lemma “tämä”: Näine, Tähänkin, Tässäkö, Täst, näiden, näihin, näille, näillä, näinä, näis, näissä, näissäkin, näistä, näitä, näitäkin, nämä, nää, tähän, tähän(kin), täksi, tälle, tällekin, tällä, tältä, tämä, tämäkin, tämän, tämänkin, tän, tänä, tänäkin, tänäkään, tässä, tässäkin, tästä, tästäkin, tätä, tätäkä, tää.

PRON occurs with 11 features: fi-feat/Number (11920; 100% instances), fi-feat/Case (11919; 100% instances), fi-feat/PronType (11725; 98% instances), fi-feat/Person (2474; 21% instances), fi-feat/Style (285; 2% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (191; 2% instances), fi-feat/Person[psor] (176; 1% instances), fi-feat/Reflex (165; 1% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (46; 0% instances), fi-feat/Typo (15; 0% instances), fi-feat/Degree (4; 0% instances)

PRON occurs with 41 feature-value pairs: Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Ade, Case=All, Case=Com, Case=Ela, Case=Ess, Case=Gen, Case=Ill, Case=Ine, Case=Ins, Case=Nom, Case=Par, Case=Tra, Clitic=Han, Clitic=Han,Ko, Clitic=Kaan, Clitic=Kin, Clitic=Ko, Clitic=Pa, Clitic=S, Degree=Pos, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3, PronType=Dem, PronType=Ind, PronType=Int, PronType=Prs, PronType=Rcp, PronType=Rel, Reflex=Yes, Style=Coll, Typo=Yes

PRON occurs with 360 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem (1145 tokens). Examples: se, tämä, tuo

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 28 different relations: fi-dep/det (3128; 26% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (2868; 24% instances), fi-dep/nmod (2274; 19% instances), fi-dep/dobj (1523; 13% instances), fi-dep/nmod:poss (737; 6% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (662; 6% instances), fi-dep/nmod:own (186; 2% instances), fi-dep/root (114; 1% instances), fi-dep/conj (103; 1% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gobj (71; 1% instances), fi-dep/advcl (55; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gsubj (45; 0% instances), fi-dep/advmod (41; 0% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (38; 0% instances), fi-dep/remnant (21; 0% instances), fi-dep/appos (20; 0% instances), fi-dep/mwe (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (5; 0% instances), fi-dep/amod (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/mark (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/parataxis (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp:ds (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/dep (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/discourse (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp (2; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: VERB (6597; 55% instances), NOUN (4291; 36% instances), ADJ (471; 4% instances), PRON (220; 2% instances), ADV (130; 1% instances), ROOT (114; 1% instances), PROPN (57; 0% instances), NUM (30; 0% instances), AUX (6; 0% instances), SYM (3; 0% instances), X (3; 0% instances), ADP (1; 0% instances), SCONJ (1; 0% instances)

10389 (87%) PRON nodes are leaves.

1158 (10%) PRON nodes have one child.

184 (2%) PRON nodes have two children.

193 (2%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 10.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 30 different relations: fi-dep/case (396; 17% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (343; 15% instances), fi-dep/advmod (261; 11% instances), fi-dep/punct (231; 10% instances), fi-dep/nmod (155; 7% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (134; 6% instances), fi-dep/cop (132; 6% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (127; 5% instances), fi-dep/det (103; 4% instances), fi-dep/advcl (100; 4% instances), fi-dep/conj (85; 4% instances), fi-dep/mwe (84; 4% instances), fi-dep/cc (80; 3% instances), fi-dep/mark (42; 2% instances), fi-dep/appos (24; 1% instances), fi-dep/remnant (23; 1% instances), fi-dep/amod (9; 0% instances), fi-dep/aux (7; 0% instances), fi-dep/neg (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:poss (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/parataxis (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/discourse (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/cc:preconj (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj:cop (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/dobj (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (1; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: VERB (616; 26% instances), ADP (395; 17% instances), ADV (337; 14% instances), NOUN (324; 14% instances), PUNCT (231; 10% instances), PRON (220; 9% instances), CONJ (79; 3% instances), ADJ (58; 2% instances), SCONJ (51; 2% instances), PROPN (32; 1% instances), AUX (7; 0% instances), INTJ (6; 0% instances), NUM (5; 0% instances), SYM (2; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)

There are 44 PRON lemmas (0%), 588 PRON types (1%) and 10572 PRON tokens (7%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 12 in number of lemmas, 7 in number of types and 4 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: se, hän, minä, joka, sinä, mikä, me, ne, tämä, he

The 10 most frequent PRON types: se, hän, minä, sen, sitä, mitä, joka, mä, ne, sinä

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: se (PRON 2295, DET 560, NOUN 2), hän (PRON 1460, DET 135), minä (PRON 1402, DET 84, NOUN 2), joka (PRON 732, DET 114), sinä (PRON 594, DET 42), mikä (PRON 564, DET 153), me (PRON 483, DET 74, X 1), ne (PRON 394, DET 148), tämä (DET 482, PRON 370), he (PRON 323, DET 46)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: se (PRON 877, DET 152), minä (PRON 284, DET 3), sen (PRON 282, DET 155, PART 3), sitä (PRON 265, DET 72, PART 30), mitä (PRON 214, DET 20, PART 14, ADV 6), joka (PRON 269, DET 62), ne (PRON 161, DET 42), sinä (PRON 162, DET 11), siitä (PRON 171, DET 23, ADV 7), me (PRON 123, X 1, VERB 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 13.363636 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.044212).

The 1st highest number of forms (51) was observed with the lemma “minä”: Minähän, Minäkö, Minäpäs, Mullahan, Mäkin, m, m-, ma, mi, mie, miekii, minua, minulla, minullakin, minulle, minullekin, minulta, minultakin, minun, minunhan, minunkin, minussa, minussakin, minusta, minut, minuun, minä, minäki, minäkin, minäkä, minäkään, minäkös, minäpä, miul, miullaha, miäpäs, mua, mul, mull, mulla, mulle, mullekin, multa, mum, mun, must, musta, mut, mä, mää, määki.

The 2nd highest number of forms (48) was observed with the lemma “se”: Sepä, Sepäs, Siihenkö, Siitäkin, Siitäpä, Sitähän, Sitäkö, s, se, se-, sehän, sej, seki, sekin, sekään, sekö, sen, senhän, senkään, si, siihe, siihem, siihen, siihenkin, siin, siint, siinä, siinähä, siinäkin, siinäpä, siit, siitä, siitähän, siitäkään, siksi, sil, sille, sillä, silläkin, silt, siltä, sit, sitä, sitäkin, sitäkään, sitäkäänkö, so, s´.

The 3rd highest number of forms (43) was observed with the lemma “itse”: Iteki, ihtiisäj, ite, itse, itseemme, itseen, itseensä, itsekin, itsekään, itselle, itsellee, itselleen, itselleenkin, itsellekin, itselleni, itsellensä, itselläsikin, itsellään, itselläänkin, itseltään, itseni, itsenne, itsensä, itsensäkin, itsesi, itsestä, itsestämme, itsestäni, itsestänikään, itsestäsi, itsestään, itseä, itseämme, itseäni, itseänne, itseäsi, itseään, itte, itteeni, ittees, ittelläs, ittellää, ittenä.

PRON occurs with 10 features: fi-feat/Case (10569; 100% instances), fi-feat/PronType (10269; 97% instances), fi-feat/Number (9867; 93% instances), fi-feat/Person (4435; 42% instances), fi-feat/Style (816; 8% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (309; 3% instances), fi-feat/Reflex (303; 3% instances), fi-feat/Person[psor] (270; 3% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (59; 1% instances), fi-feat/Degree (15; 0% instances)

PRON occurs with 44 feature-value pairs: Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Ade, Case=All, Case=Ela, Case=Ess, Case=Gen, Case=Ill, Case=Ine, Case=Ins, Case=Nom, Case=Par, Case=Tra, Clitic=Han, Clitic=Han,Kin, Clitic=Han,Ko, Clitic=Kaan, Clitic=Kaan,Ko, Clitic=Kin, Clitic=Ko, Clitic=Ko,S, Clitic=Pa, Clitic=Pa,S, Clitic=S, Degree=Cmp, Degree=Sup, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3, PronType=Dem, PronType=Ind, PronType=Int, PronType=Prs, PronType=Rcp, PronType=Rel, Reflex=Yes, Style=Coll

PRON occurs with 389 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem (1235 tokens). Examples: se, tämä, tuo, se-

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 22 different relations: fi-dep/nsubj (4252; 40% instances), fi-dep/nmod (2089; 20% instances), fi-dep/dobj (1748; 17% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (887; 8% instances), fi-dep/expl (447; 4% instances), fi-dep/nmod:own (441; 4% instances), fi-dep/conj (186; 2% instances), fi-dep/root (165; 2% instances), fi-dep/advmod (111; 1% instances), fi-dep/advcl (68; 1% instances), fi-dep/mwe (39; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gobj (28; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (25; 0% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (24; 0% instances), fi-dep/mark (21; 0% instances), fi-dep/dep (13; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl (11; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gsubj (9; 0% instances), fi-dep/det (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/amod (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj:cop (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: VERB (8544; 81% instances), NOUN (836; 8% instances), ADJ (596; 6% instances), PRON (278; 3% instances), ROOT (165; 2% instances), PROPN (66; 1% instances), ADV (32; 0% instances), DET (18; 0% instances), NUM (16; 0% instances), ADP (9; 0% instances), X (5; 0% instances), PART (4; 0% instances), INTJ (3; 0% instances)

8397 (79%) PRON nodes are leaves.

1651 (16%) PRON nodes have one child.

317 (3%) PRON nodes have two children.

207 (2%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 10.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 25 different relations: fi-dep/punct (1102; 36% instances), fi-dep/case (392; 13% instances), fi-dep/nmod (279; 9% instances), fi-dep/advmod (262; 9% instances), fi-dep/cop (166; 5% instances), fi-dep/conj (128; 4% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (124; 4% instances), fi-dep/mwe (94; 3% instances), fi-dep/det (92; 3% instances), fi-dep/mark (89; 3% instances), fi-dep/acl (84; 3% instances), fi-dep/cc (77; 3% instances), fi-dep/advcl (52; 2% instances), fi-dep/amod (32; 1% instances), fi-dep/neg (25; 1% instances), fi-dep/discourse (14; 0% instances), fi-dep/expl (11; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (10; 0% instances), fi-dep/aux (9; 0% instances), fi-dep/dep (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj:cop (5; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/reparandum (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp (2; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: PUNCT (1102; 36% instances), ADP (396; 13% instances), VERB (320; 10% instances), PRON (278; 9% instances), NOUN (277; 9% instances), PART (190; 6% instances), ADV (112; 4% instances), DET (96; 3% instances), SCONJ (93; 3% instances), CONJ (78; 3% instances), PROPN (49; 2% instances), ADJ (46; 2% instances), INTJ (14; 0% instances), NUM (13; 0% instances), X (2; 0% instances)


PRON in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]