nmod

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`nmod`: nominal modifier

The nmod relation is used for nominal modifiers. They depend either on another noun (group “noun dependents”) or on a predicate (group “non-core dependents of clausal predicates”).

nmod is a noun (or noun phrase) functioning as a non-core (oblique) argument or adjunct. This means that it functionally corresponds to an adverbial when it attaches to a verb, adjective or other adverb. But when attaching to a noun, it corresponds to an attribute, or genitive complement (the terms are less standardized here).

The nmod relation is further specified by the Case feature or case relation.

We also use the following language-specific subtypes for nmod:

nomd:cau: nominal modifier of a causative predicate that markes the causee.
nmod:comp: a comparative nominal modifier
nmod:pass: nominal modifier of a passive predicate that express the actor (subject of the active predicate)
nmod:tmod: nominal modifier that indicates time
nmod:own: owner in a possessive existential sentence
nmod:poss: possessor in in a genitive-possessive construction
nmod:part: noun modifier specifying the whole-part relation

We do not currently distinguish between core arguments and adjuncts (TODO: link to discussion).



  
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# I read the book on the plane
1	Kitabı	kitap	NOUN	NOUN	Case=Acc	3	dobj
2	uçakta	uçak	NOUN	NOUN	Case=Loc	3	nmod
3	okudum	oku	VERB	VERB	Tense=Past|Person=1|Number=Sing	0	root
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 7, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 14, 20 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T1", "Acc" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-A2", "Case", "embedded-1-S1-T2", "Loc" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R0", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kitap" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOUN" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: uçak" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOUN" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: oku" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERB" ] ],
    "styles": [],
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ],
    "text": "Kitabı uçakta okudum",
    "error": true
}



  
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# I read the book with the glasses
1	Kitabı	kitap	NOUN	NOUN	Case=Acc	3	dobj
2	gözlükle	gözlük	NOUN	NOUN	Case=Ins	3	nmod
3	okudum	oku	VERB	VERB	Tense=Past|Person=1|Number=Sing	0	root
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 7, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 16, 22 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Acc" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A2", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Ins" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kitap" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOUN" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: gözlük" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOUN" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: oku" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERB" ] ],
    "styles": [],
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ],
    "text": "Kitabı gözlükle okudum",
    "error": true
}



  
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# I read the book out of curiosity
1	Kitabı	kitap	NOUN	NOUN	Case=Acc	3	dobj
2	meraktan	merak	NOUN	NOUN	Case=Abl	3	nmod
3	okudum	oku	VERB	VERB	Tense=Past|Person=1|Number=Sing	0	root
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 7, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 16, 22 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Acc" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A2", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Abl" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kitap" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOUN" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: merak" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOUN" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: oku" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERB" ] ],
    "styles": [],
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ],
    "text": "Kitabı meraktan okudum",
    "error": true
}

# I read the book to the children
1	Kitabı	kitap	NOUN	NOUN	Case=Acc	3	dobj
2	çocuklara	çocuk	NOUN	NOUN	Case=Dat	3	nmod
3	okudum	oku	VERB	VERB	Tense=Past|Person=1|Number=Sing	0	root

resim –li kitap \n (the\/a) book with illustrations
nmod(kitap, resim)
case(resim, –li)

Treebank Statistics (UD_Turkish)

This relation is universal. There are 1 language-specific subtypes of nmod: nmod:poss.

8123 nodes (14%) are attached to their parents as nmod.

7768 instances of nmod (96%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 2.6589929828881.

The following 50 pairs of parts of speech are connected with nmod: VERB-NOUN (3975; 49% instances), NOUN-NOUN (1114; 14% instances), VERB-VERB (653; 8% instances), VERB-PRON (555; 7% instances), ADJ-NOUN (422; 5% instances), VERB-PROPN (270; 3% instances), NOUN-PROPN (177; 2% instances), PROPN-NOUN (165; 2% instances), NOUN-VERB (154; 2% instances), NOUN-PRON (129; 2% instances), ADJ-VERB (79; 1% instances), ADV-NOUN (74; 1% instances), ADJ-PRON (58; 1% instances), CONJ-NOUN (50; 1% instances), ADJ-PROPN (41; 1% instances), NUM-NOUN (36; 0% instances), PRON-PRON (18; 0% instances), ADV-VERB (17; 0% instances), ADV-PRON (15; 0% instances), CONJ-VERB (14; 0% instances), PRON-NOUN (13; 0% instances), CONJ-PROPN (11; 0% instances), ADP-NOUN (10; 0% instances), PUNCT-NOUN (8; 0% instances), VERB-X (6; 0% instances), CONJ-PRON (5; 0% instances), NOUN-X (5; 0% instances), PRON-VERB (5; 0% instances), PUNCT-VERB (5; 0% instances), ADV-PROPN (4; 0% instances), PUNCT-PRON (4; 0% instances), INTJ-PROPN (3; 0% instances), NUM-PROPN (3; 0% instances), PROPN-PRON (3; 0% instances), PROPN-PROPN (3; 0% instances), ADP-PRON (2; 0% instances), ADP-PROPN (2; 0% instances), DET-VERB (2; 0% instances), X-NOUN (2; 0% instances), ADJ-X (1; 0% instances), ADP-VERB (1; 0% instances), AUX-NOUN (1; 0% instances), DET-NOUN (1; 0% instances), DET-PROPN (1; 0% instances), INTJ-VERB (1; 0% instances), NOUN-ADJ (1; 0% instances), NUM-PRON (1; 0% instances), NUM-VERB (1; 0% instances), NUM-X (1; 0% instances), PROPN-VERB (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 2 nmod	color:blue
1	Nefes	nefes	NOUN	Noun	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=3	2	nmod	_	_
2	nefese	nefes	NOUN	Noun	Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3	3	nmod	_	_
3	kalmıştım	kal	VERB	Verb	Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pqp	0	root	_	_
4	.	.	PUNCT	Punc	_	3	punct	_	_

# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 1 nmod	color:blue
1	Nefes	nefes	NOUN	Noun	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=3	2	nmod	_	_
2	nefese	nefes	NOUN	Noun	Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3	3	nmod	_	_
3	kalmıştım	kal	VERB	Verb	Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pqp	0	root	_	_
4	.	.	PUNCT	Punc	_	3	punct	_	_

# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 3 nmod	color:blue
1	Kurtulup	kurtul	VERB	Verb	Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Trans	3	advcl	_	_
2	buraya	bura	NOUN	Noun	Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3	3	nmod	_	_
3	gelmeyi	gel	VERB	Verb	Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Ger	4	nmod	_	_
4	başardım	başar	VERB	Verb	Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past	0	root	_	_
5	.	.	PUNCT	Punc	_	4	punct	_	_

nmod in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

nmod: nominal modifier

Treebank Statistics (UD_Turkish)

`nmod`: nominal modifier