There are a handful of instances of intra-sentential Irish/English code-mixing in the treebank. Where possible we analyse the sentential structure using the appropriate labels for the English words. We only use the foreign relation
when we want to explicitly mark the English words as foreign, e.g. the title of an English film in quotation marks, an example of an Irish-English dictionary entry within a sentence, or an Irish-English sign (see example below). When the foreign label is used, the sequence of words is given a linear analysis with the first word as the head.
Example
ar oscailt / open : Bealtaine - Meán Fómhair / May - September `open / open : May - September / May - September
‘
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1 An an DET Art Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 2 det _ _
2 teideal teideal NOUN Noun Case=Com|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
3 atá bí VERB PresInd Mood=Ind|PronType=Rel|Tense=Pres 2 acl:relcl _ _
4 air ar ADP Prep Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 nmod:prep _ _
5 ná ná CONJ Coord _ 7 mark _ _
6 ' ' PUNCT Punct _ 7 punct _ _
7 Kill Kill X Noun Case=Com|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ _
8 me me X Foreign _ 7 foreign _ _
9 , , PUNCT Punct _ 7 punct _ _
10 I I X Foreign _ 7 foreign _ _
11 Love Love X Foreign _ 7 foreign _ _
12 You You X Foreign _ 7 foreign _ _
13 ! ! PUNCT ! _ 2 punct _ _
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1 Laistigh laistigh ADV Loc _ 3 case _ _
2 de de ADP Simp _ 3 case _ _
3 bhalla balla NOUN Noun Case=Com|Form=Len|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _
4 cois cois ADP Simp _ 5 case _ _
5 bóthair bóthar NOUN Noun Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
6 ar ar ADP Simp _ 7 case _ _
7 fhearann fearann NOUN Noun Case=Com|Form=Len|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
8 na na DET Art Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 9 det _ _
9 heaglaise eaglais NOUN Noun Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 compound _ _
10 a a PART Vb PartType=Vb|PronType=Rel 11 nmod _ _
11 raibh bí VERB PastInd Form=Ecl|Mood=Ind|Tense=Past 9 acl:relcl _ _
12 athair athair NOUN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _
13 Dhúbhglais Dhúbhglais PROPN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound _ _
14 de de ADP Simp _ 13 name _ _
15 h-Íde Íde PROPN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 name _ _
16 ina i ADP Poss Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes 17 case _ _
17 mhinistéir mhinistéir NOUN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 xcomp:pred _ _
18 inti i ADP Prep Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 nmod:prep _ _
19 ar ar ADP Simp _ 21 case _ _
20 an an DET Art Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 21 det _ _
21 Phortach portach NOUN Noun Case=Com|Form=Len|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _
22 Ard ard ADJ Adj Case=Com|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 amod _ _
23 tá bí VERB PresInd Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres 0 root _ _
24 fógra fógra NOUN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _
25 anois anois ADV Gn _ 23 advmod _ _
26 : : PUNCT Punct _ 28 punct _ _
27 ' ' PUNCT Punct _ 28 punct _ _
28 Ceiliúrlann ceiliúrl VERB PresInd Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres 23 parataxis _ _
29 an an DET Art Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 30 det _ _
30 Chraoibhín craobh NOUN Noun Case=Com|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _
31 / / PUNCT Punct _ 32 punct _ _
32 Dr Dr X Abr _ 34 compound _ _
33 Douglas Douglas PROPN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 compound _ _
34 Hyde Hyde PROPN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _
35 Centre Centre PROPN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 compound _ _
36 ar ar ADP Simp _ 37 case _ _
37 oscailt oscailt NOUN Noun VerbForm=Inf 28 xcomp _ _
38 / / PUNCT Punct _ 40 punct _ _
39 open open X Noun Case=Com|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 37 foreign _ _
40 Bealtaine Bealtaine NOUN Noun Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 37 nmod _ _
41 - - PUNCT Punct _ 42 punct _ _
42 Meán meán NOUN Noun Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _
43 Fómhair fómhar NOUN Noun Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 42 compound _ _
44 / / PUNCT Punct _ 45 punct _ _
45 May May X Foreign _ 42 foreign _ _
46 - - PUNCT Punct _ 47 punct _ _
47 September September X Foreign _ 45 foreign _ _
48 ... ... PUNCT Punct _ 50 punct _ _
49 ' ' PUNCT Punct _ 50 punct _ _
50 Tá bí VERB PresInd Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres 23 ccomp _ _
51 an an DET Art Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 52 det _ _
52 t-údar údar NOUN Noun Case=Com|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 50 nsubj _ _
53 agus agus CONJ Coord _ 52 cc _ _
54 An an DET Art Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 55 det _ _
55 Gúm gúm NOUN Noun Case=Com|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 52 conj _ _
56 le le ADP Simp _ 57 case _ _
57 moladh moladh NOUN Noun VerbForm=Inf 50 xcomp:pred _ _
58 as as ADP Simp _ 65 case _ _
59 tabhairt tabhairt NOUN Noun VerbForm=Inf 65 dobj _ _
60 faoina faoi ADP Poss Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes 61 case _ _
61 leithéid leithéid NOUN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 59 nmod _ _
62 d' de ADP Simp _ 63 case _ _
63 áis áis NOUN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 59 nmod _ _
64 a a PART Inf PartType=Inf 65 mark _ _
65 chur cur NOUN Noun Form=Len|VerbForm=Inf 50 xcomp _ _
66 ar ar ADP Simp _ 67 case _ _
67 fáil fáil NOUN Noun VerbForm=Inf 65 xcomp _ _
68 - - PUNCT Punct _ 69 punct _ _
69 thiocfadh tar VERB VI Form=Len|Mood=Cnd 50 parataxis _ _
70 gurbh is VERB Cop Form=VF|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Cop 71 cop _ _
71 é é PRON Pers Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 69 ccomp _ _
72 seo seo DET Det PronType=Dem 71 det _ _
73 an an DET Art Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 75 det _ _
74 chéad céad NUM Num Form=Len|NumType=Ord 75 nummod _ _
75 chéim céim NOUN Noun Case=Com|Form=Len|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 71 nsubj _ _
76 i i ADP Simp _ 77 case _ _
77 dtreo treo NOUN Noun Case=Com|Form=Ecl|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 75 nmod _ _
78 ciclipéid ciclipéid NOUN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 77 compound _ _
79 eolaíochta eolaíocht NOUN Noun Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 78 compound _ _
80 as as ADP Simp _ 81 case _ _
81 Gaeilge Gaeilge PROPN Noun Case=Com|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 78 nmod _ _