cop

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`cop`: copula

A copula is the relation between the complement of a copular verb and the copular verb. Copular heads are avoided when possible. For more on the cop relation, see the universal dependency description (cop)



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
Bill est un homme honnête \n Bill is an honest man
cop(homme, est)
nsubj(homme, Bill)
amod(homme, honnête)
det(homme, un)
{
    "text": "Bill est un homme honnête \n Bill is an honest man ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 12, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 18, 25 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 28, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 33, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 36, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 39, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 46, 49 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R4", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

In the current French treebank, the following verbs are treated as copular ones: être, devenir, rester, demeurer, as well as in some constructions appeler, intituler, nommer, réputer, élir

Treebank Statistics (UD_French)

This relation is universal.

5753 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as cop.

5683 instances of cop (99%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 2.1173300886494.

The following 13 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cop: NOUN-VERB (3285; 57% instances), ADJ-VERB (1716; 30% instances), PROPN-VERB (320; 6% instances), PRON-VERB (246; 4% instances), NUM-VERB (55; 1% instances), VERB-VERB (52; 1% instances), ADV-VERB (50; 1% instances), SYM-VERB (15; 0% instances), X-VERB (8; 0% instances), ADP-VERB (3; 0% instances), DET-VERB (1; 0% instances), INTJ-VERB (1; 0% instances), PART-VERB (1; 0% instances).



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 2 cop	color:blue
1	C'	ce	PRON	_	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	_
2	est	être	VERB	_	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
3	véritablement	véritablement	ADV	_	_	9	advmod	_	_
4	pour	pour	ADP	_	_	6	case	_	_
5	le	le	DET	_	Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	6	det	_	_
6	futur	futur	NOUN	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
7	baptisé	baptiser	VERB	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	acl	_	_
8	un	un	DET	_	Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	changement	changement	NOUN	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	de	de	ADP	_	_	11	case	_	_
11	cap	cap	NOUN	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	9	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 3, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "ADV", [ [ 7, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "ADP", [ [ 21, 25 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "DET", [ [ 26, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "NOUN", [ [ 29, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "VERB", [ [ 35, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "DET", [ [ 43, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "NOUN", [ [ 46, 56 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T10", "ADP", [ [ 57, 59 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T11", "NOUN", [ [ 60, 63 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T12", "PUNCT", [ [ 64, 65 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-A1", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A2", "Person", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "3" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A3", "PronType", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Dem" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A4", "Mood", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A5", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A6", "Person", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "3" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A7", "Tense", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A8", "VerbForm", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A9", "Definite", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Def" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A10", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A11", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A12", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A13", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A14", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A15", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A16", "Tense", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Past" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A17", "VerbForm", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Part" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A18", "Definite", "embedded-2-S1-T8", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A19", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T8", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A20", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T8", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A21", "PronType", "embedded-2-S1-T8", "Dem" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A22", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T9", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A23", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T9", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A24", "Gender", "embedded-2-S1-T11", "Masc" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A25", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T11", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R5", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R6", "acl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R7", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R8", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R9", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T11" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R10", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T11" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R11", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T12" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ce" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: être" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: véritablement" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: pour" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: le" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: futur" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: baptiser" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: un" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: changement" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: de" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: cap" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T12", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "embedded-2-S1-T2", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ],
    "text": "C' est véritablement pour le futur baptisé un changement de cap .",
    "error": false
}

# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 3 cop	color:blue
1	Il	il	PRON	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ne	ne	PART	_	_	4	neg	_	_
3	sera	être	VERB	_	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	présent	présent	ADJ	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	que	que	ADV	_	_	10	advmod	_	_
6	durant	durant	ADP	_	_	10	case	_	_
7	les	le	DET	_	Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur	10	det	_	_
8	10	10	NUM	_	_	10	nummod	_	_
9	premières	premier	ADJ	_	Gender=Fem|Number=Plur	10	amod	_	_
10	parties	partie	NOUN	_	Gender=Fem|Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4	punct	_	_

# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 3 cop	color:blue
1	L'	le	DET	_	Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	2	det	_	_
2	éditeur-en-chef	éditeur-en-chef	NOUN	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	est	être	VERB	_	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	Corey	Corey	PROPN	_	_	0	root	_	_
5	S.	S.	PROPN	_	_	4	name	_	_
6	Powell	Powell	PROPN	_	_	4	name	_	_
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4	punct	_	_

cop in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

cop: copula

Treebank Statistics (UD_French)

`cop`: copula