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Animacy: animacy

Similarly to Gender, animacy is a lexical feature of nouns and inflectional feature of other parts of speech that mark agreement with nouns. It is independent of gender, therefore it is encoded separately in some tagsets (e.g. all the Multext-East tagsets). On the other hand, in Czech the (almost) only grammatical implications occur within the masculine gender, which is why the PDT tagset does not have animacy as separate feature and instead defines four genders: masculine animate, masculine inanimate, feminine and neuter.

Anim: animate

Human beings, animals, fictional characters, names of professions etc. are all animate. Even nouns that are normally inanimate can be inflected as animate if they are personified. For instance, consider a children’s story about cars where cars live and talk as people; then the cars may become and be inflected as animates.

PDT examples of masculine animate nouns:

Inan: inanimate

Nouns that are not animate are inanimate.

PDT examples of masculine inanimate nouns:


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Anim, Inan.

312931 tokens (21%) have a non-empty value of Animacy. 62654 types (49%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. 28568 lemmas (49%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. The feature is used with 8 part-of-speech tags: cs-pos/NOUN (163546; 11% instances), cs-pos/ADJ (73924; 5% instances), cs-pos/PROPN (48949; 3% instances), cs-pos/VERB (15642; 1% instances), cs-pos/PRON (7234; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET (2622; 0% instances), cs-pos/AUX (711; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM (303; 0% instances).

NOUN

163546 cs-pos/NOUN tokens (44% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (163546; 100%), Negative=Pos (163534; 100%), Number=Sing (106848; 65%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm členAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singčlena
Case=Acc|Number=Plurčleny
Case=Dat|Number=Singčlenu, členovi
Case=Dat|Number=Plurčlenůmčlenům
Case=Gen|Number=Singčlena
Case=Gen|Number=Plurčlenůčlenů
Case=Ins|Number=SingčlenemČLENEM
Case=Ins|Number=Plurčlenyčleny
Case=Loc|Number=Singčlenovi, členu
Case=Loc|Number=Plurčlenech
Case=Nom|Number=Singčlenčlen
Case=Nom|Number=Plurčlenové

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 99% lemmas (6964) occur only with one value of Animacy.

ADJ

73924 cs-pos/ADJ tokens (41% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (73853; 100%), Negative=Pos (69257; 94%), Degree=Pos (65402; 88%), Number=Sing (46254; 63%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm českýAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singčeskéhočeský
Case=Acc|Number=Plurčeskéčeské
Case=Dat|Number=Singčeskémučeskému
Case=Dat|Number=Plurčeským, českýchčeským
Case=Gen|Number=Singčeskéhočeského
Case=Gen|Number=Plurčeskýchčeských
Case=Ins|Number=Singčeskýmčeským
Case=Ins|Number=Plurčeskýmičeskými
Case=Loc|Number=Singčeskémčeském
Case=Loc|Number=Plurčeskýchčeských
Case=Nom|Number=Singčeskýčeský
Case=Nom|Number=Plurčeštíčeské

PROPN

48949 cs-pos/PROPN tokens (58% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (48949; 100%), Negative=Pos (48949; 100%), Abbr=EMPTY (45594; 93%), Number=Sing (41680; 85%), Case=Nom (27584; 56%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm YorkAnimInan
Case=Acc|NameType=GeoYork
Case=Gen|NameType=GeoYorku
Case=Loc|NameType=GeoYorku, YORKU
Case=Loc|NameType=SurYorku
Case=Nom|NameType=GeoYork, YORK
Case=Nom|NameType=SurYORK

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of PROPN. 99% lemmas (10355) occur only with one value of Animacy.

VERB

15642 cs-pos/VERB tokens (9% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Animacy co-occurred: VerbForm=Part (15642; 100%), Number=Plur (15642; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (15642; 100%), Person=EMPTY (15642; 100%), Negative=Pos (14429; 92%), Tense=Past (13279; 85%), Voice=Act (13279; 85%), Gender=Masc (9294; 59%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm býtAnimInan
Gender=Masc|Negative=Negnebyli
Gender=Masc|Negative=Posbyli
Gender=Fem,Masc|Negative=Negnebyly
Gender=Fem,Masc|Negative=Posbyly

PRON

7234 cs-pos/PRON tokens (10% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Animacy co-occurred: Variant=EMPTY (7234; 100%), Reflex=EMPTY (7227; 100%), Person=EMPTY (7135; 99%), Gender=Masc (5402; 75%), PronType=Int,Rel (5037; 70%), Case=Nom (4945; 68%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm tenAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singtohoten
Case=Acc|Number=Plurtyty
Case=Nom|Number=Plurtity

DET

2622 cs-pos/DET tokens (9% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (2622; 100%), Gender[psor]=EMPTY (2548; 97%), Person=EMPTY (2255; 86%), Number[psor]=EMPTY (2255; 86%), Reflex=EMPTY (2050; 78%), Case=Acc (1790; 68%), Poss=EMPTY (1683; 64%), Number=Sing (1579; 60%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm tentoAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singtohototento
Case=Acc|Number=Plurtytotyto
Case=Nom|Number=Plurtitotyto

AUX

711 cs-pos/AUX tokens (3% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Plur (711; 100%), VerbForm=Part (711; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (711; 100%), Tense=Past (711; 100%), Person=EMPTY (711; 100%), Voice=Act (711; 100%), Negative=Pos (653; 92%), Gender=Fem,Masc (535; 75%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm býtAnimInan
Gender=Masc|Negative=Negnebyli
Gender=Masc|Negative=Posbyli
Gender=Fem,Masc|Negative=Negnebyly
Gender=Fem,Masc|Negative=Posbyly

NUM

303 cs-pos/NUM tokens (1% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (303; 100%), NumValue=1,2,3 (303; 100%), Case=Acc (303; 100%), NumType=Card (303; 100%), Number=Sing (303; 100%), NumForm=Word (303; 100%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm jedenAnimInan
jednohojeden

Relations with Agreement in Animacy

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Animacy: NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (62570; 98%), PROPN –[name]–> PROPN (11956; 99%), PROPN –[nmod]–> NOUN (7255; 87%), PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (2979; 67%), ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (2133; 90%), PROPN –[amod]–> ADJ (1848; 74%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> NOUN (1556; 88%), PROPN –[appos]–> NOUN (687; 77%), NOUN –[nsubj]–> PROPN (278; 55%), NOUN –[case]–> NOUN (250; 53%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CAC)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Anim, Inan.

97987 tokens (20%) have a non-empty value of Animacy. 26831 types (43%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. 12639 lemmas (45%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. The feature is used with 8 part-of-speech tags: cs-pos/NOUN (56383; 11% instances), cs-pos/ADJ (28063; 6% instances), cs-pos/PROPN (5431; 1% instances), cs-pos/VERB (4740; 1% instances), cs-pos/PRON (2039; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET (895; 0% instances), cs-pos/AUX (336; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM (100; 0% instances).

NOUN

56383 cs-pos/NOUN tokens (41% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (56383; 100%), Negative=Pos (56378; 100%), Number=Sing (35748; 63%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm druhAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singdruhadruh
Case=Acc|Number=Plurdruhy
Case=Dat|Number=Singdruhu
Case=Dat|Number=Plurdruhům
Case=Gen|Number=Singdruhu
Case=Gen|Number=Plurdruhů
Case=Ins|Number=Singdruhem
Case=Ins|Number=Plurdruhy
Case=Loc|Number=Singdruhu
Case=Loc|Number=Plurdruzích
Case=Nom|Number=Singdruh
Case=Nom|Number=Plurdruzidruhy

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 99% lemmas (3983) occur only with one value of Animacy.

ADJ

28063 cs-pos/ADJ tokens (40% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (28040; 100%), Negative=Pos (26973; 96%), Degree=Pos (25200; 90%), Number=Sing (16060; 57%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm velkýAnimInan
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Negative=Neg|Number=Singnevelký
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvelkéhovelký
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvelkévelké
Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvětší
Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvětšívětší
Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Negative=Pos|Number=Singnejvětší
Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurnejvětší
Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvelkému
Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvelkýmvelkým
Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvětšímu
Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvětším
Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvelkéhovelkého
Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvelkýchvelkých
Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvětšího
Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvětšíchvětších
Case=Gen|Degree=Sup|Negative=Pos|Number=Singnejvětšíhonejvětšího
Case=Gen|Degree=Sup|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurnejvětšíchnejvětších
Case=Ins|Degree=Pos|Negative=Neg|Number=Singnevelkým
Case=Ins|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvelkýmvelkým
Case=Ins|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvelkýmivelkými
Case=Ins|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvětším
Case=Ins|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvětšími
Case=Ins|Degree=Sup|Negative=Pos|Number=Singnejvětšímnejvětším
Case=Ins|Degree=Sup|Negative=Pos|Number=PlurNejvětšíminejvětšími
Case=Loc|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvelkém
Case=Loc|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvelkých
Case=Loc|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvětším
Case=Loc|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvětších
Case=Loc|Degree=Sup|Negative=Pos|Number=Singnejvětším
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Negative=Neg|Number=Singnevelký
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvelkývelký
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvelcívelké
Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singvětší
Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurvětší
Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Negative=Pos|Number=Singnejvětšínejvětší
Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurnejvětší

PROPN

5431 cs-pos/PROPN tokens (55% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (5431; 100%), Negative=Pos (5431; 100%), Abbr=EMPTY (4824; 89%), Number=Sing (4463; 82%), Case=Nom (2718; 50%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm MartinAnimInan
Case=Acc|NameType=Giv|Number=SingMartina
Case=Dat|NameType=Giv|Number=SingMartinu
Case=Gen|NameType=Giv|Number=SingMartina
Case=Gen|NameType=Giv|Number=PlurMartinů
Case=Loc|NameType=Geo|Number=SingMartině
Case=Nom|NameType=Giv|Number=SingMartin
Case=Nom|NameType=Sur|Number=SingMartin

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of PROPN. 99% lemmas (2266) occur only with one value of Animacy.

VERB

4740 cs-pos/VERB tokens (9% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Animacy co-occurred: VerbForm=Part (4740; 100%), Number=Plur (4740; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (4740; 100%), Person=EMPTY (4740; 100%), Negative=Pos (4494; 95%), Tense=Past (3481; 73%), Voice=Act (3481; 73%), Gender=Fem,Masc (2450; 52%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm býtAnimInan
Gender=Masc|Negative=Negnebyli
Gender=Masc|Negative=Posbyli
Gender=Fem,Masc|Negative=Negnebyly
Gender=Fem,Masc|Negative=Posbyly

PRON

2039 cs-pos/PRON tokens (8% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Animacy co-occurred: Variant=EMPTY (2039; 100%), Reflex=EMPTY (2039; 100%), Person=EMPTY (2013; 99%), Gender=Masc (1637; 80%), Case=Nom (1508; 74%), PronType=Int,Rel (1456; 71%), Number=Plur (1206; 59%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm tenAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singten
Case=Acc|Number=Plurtyty
Case=Nom|Number=Plurtity

DET

895 cs-pos/DET tokens (8% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (895; 100%), Gender[psor]=EMPTY (861; 96%), Person=EMPTY (767; 86%), Number[psor]=EMPTY (767; 86%), Reflex=EMPTY (766; 86%), Poss=EMPTY (638; 71%), Case=Acc (547; 61%), PronType=Dem (469; 52%), Number=Plur (460; 51%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm tentoAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singtohototento
Case=Acc|Number=Plurtytotyto
Case=Nom|Number=Plurtitotyto

AUX

336 cs-pos/AUX tokens (5% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Animacy co-occurred: Voice=Act (336; 100%), Person=EMPTY (336; 100%), Tense=Past (336; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (336; 100%), Number=Plur (336; 100%), VerbForm=Part (336; 100%), Negative=Pos (315; 94%), Gender=Fem,Masc (304; 90%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm býtAnimInan
Gender=Masc|Negative=Posbyli
Gender=Fem,Masc|Negative=Negnebyly
Gender=Fem,Masc|Negative=Posbyly

NUM

100 cs-pos/NUM tokens (1% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Animacy co-occurred: NumValue=1,2,3 (100; 100%), Gender=Masc (100; 100%), NumType=Card (100; 100%), Case=Acc (100; 100%), NumForm=Word (100; 100%), Number=Sing (100; 100%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm jedenAnimInan
jednohojeden

Relations with Agreement in Animacy

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Animacy: NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (23994; 98%), ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (1297; 94%), PROPN –[name]–> PROPN (707; 99%), PROPN –[nmod]–> NOUN (628; 84%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> NOUN (579; 86%), PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (551; 58%), PROPN –[amod]–> ADJ (218; 74%), PROPN –[appos]–> NOUN (102; 81%), ADJ –[appos]–> ADJ (51; 91%), NOUN –[nsubj]–> PROPN (48; 55%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CLTT)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Anim, Inan.

7439 tokens (21%) have a non-empty value of Animacy. 1595 types (34%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. 746 lemmas (28%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. The feature is used with 7 part-of-speech tags: cs-pos/NOUN (4548; 13% instances), cs-pos/ADJ (2622; 7% instances), cs-pos/VERB (145; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON (57; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET (30; 0% instances), cs-pos/AUX (25; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM (12; 0% instances).

NOUN

4548 cs-pos/NOUN tokens (40% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (4548; 100%), Negative=Pos (4548; 100%), Number=Sing (2989; 66%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm členAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Plurčleny
Case=Dat|Number=Plurčlenům
Case=Gen|Number=Singčlena
Case=Gen|Number=Plurčlenůčlenů
Case=Ins|Number=Plurčleny

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 100% lemmas (298) occur only with one value of Animacy.

ADJ

2622 cs-pos/ADJ tokens (40% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (2564; 98%), Negative=Pos (2528; 96%), Degree=Pos (2402; 92%), Number=Sing (1516; 58%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm právníAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singprávníhoprávní
Case=Acc|Number=Plurprávní
Case=Dat|Number=Singprávnímu
Case=Dat|Number=Plurprávním
Case=Gen|Number=Singprávního
Case=Gen|Number=Plurprávních
Case=Ins|Number=Singprávním
Case=Ins|Number=Plurprávními
Case=Loc|Number=Plurprávních
Case=Nom|Number=Singprávní
Case=Nom|Number=Plurprávní

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 91% lemmas (334) occur only with one value of Animacy.

VERB

145 cs-pos/VERB tokens (6% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Animacy co-occurred: Mood=EMPTY (145; 100%), VerbForm=Part (145; 100%), Number=Plur (145; 100%), Person=EMPTY (145; 100%), Gender=Fem,Masc (143; 99%), Negative=Pos (140; 97%), Tense=EMPTY (107; 74%), Voice=Pass (107; 74%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm schválitAnimInan
Gender=Masc|Tense=Past|Voice=Actschválili
Gender=Fem,Masc|Voice=Passschváleny

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 99% lemmas (69) occur only with one value of Animacy.

PRON

57 cs-pos/PRON tokens (5% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (57; 100%), Variant=EMPTY (57; 100%), Reflex=EMPTY (57; 100%), PronType=Int,Rel (52; 91%), Number=Plur (50; 88%), Case=Nom (48; 84%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

DET

30 cs-pos/DET tokens (5% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Animacy co-occurred: Gender=Masc (30; 100%), Gender[psor]=EMPTY (28; 93%), Number[psor]=EMPTY (28; 93%), Person=EMPTY (28; 93%), Poss=EMPTY (25; 83%), PronType=Dem (24; 80%), Case=Acc (20; 67%), Number=Plur (16; 53%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

AUX

25 cs-pos/AUX tokens (15% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Plur (25; 100%), VerbForm=Part (25; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (25; 100%), Tense=Past (25; 100%), Person=EMPTY (25; 100%), Voice=Act (25; 100%), Gender=Fem,Masc (25; 100%), Negative=Pos (18; 72%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

NUM

12 cs-pos/NUM tokens (3% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (12; 100%), NumForm=Word (12; 100%), Case=Acc (12; 100%), NumType=Card (12; 100%), NumValue=1,2,3 (12; 100%), Gender=Masc (12; 100%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Relations with Agreement in Animacy

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Animacy: NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (2339; 95%), ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (68; 69%), ADJ –[dep]–> NOUN (5; 100%), ADJ –[appos]–> ADJ (2; 100%), NOUN –[xcomp]–> ADJ (2; 67%).


Animacy in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]