Person: person
Person is a feature of personal and possessive pronouns, and of verbs. On verbs it is in fact an agreement feature that marks the person of the verb’s subject. Person marked on verbs makes it unnecessary to always add a personal pronoun as subject and thus subjects are sometimes dropped (Russian is a pro-drop language).
1: first person
In singular, the first person refers just to the speaker / author. In plural, it must include the speaker and one or more additional persons.
Examples
- делаю “I do”
- делаем “we do”
2: second person
In singular, the second person refers to the addressee of the utterance / text. In plural, it may mean several addressees and optionally some third persons too.
Examples
- делаешь “you.
Singdo” - делаете “you.
Plurdo”
3: third person
The third person refers to one or more persons that are neither speakers nor addressees.
Examples
- делает “he/she/it does”
- делают “they do”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.
3547 tokens (4%) have a non-empty value of Person.
1104 types (4%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
1 lemmas (0) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
The feature is used with 9 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/VERB (2184; 2% instances), ru-pos/PRON (1328; 1% instances), ru-pos/ADJ (12; 0% instances), ru-pos/X (9; 0% instances), ru-pos/PROPN (6; 0% instances), ru-pos/DET (5; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/SYM (1; 0% instances).
VERB
2184 ru-pos/VERB tokens (23% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: Case=EMPTY (2180; 100%), Animacy=EMPTY (2180; 100%), Voice=EMPTY (2180; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (2168; 99%), Mood=Ind (2146; 98%), Aspect=Imp (2057; 94%), Tense=Pres (2009; 92%), Number=Sing (1582; 72%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(35; 2% of non-emptyPerson): bin, видим, знаем, очистим, рассмотрим, Am, Don, Must, re, Благодарю2(34; 2% of non-emptyPerson): см., Come, Join, Create, Hide, Libera, Raise, Ram, Shoot, Stay3(2115; 97% of non-emptyPerson): является, составляет, может, находится, входит, имеет, будет, есть, занимает, могутEMPTY(7252): был, было, были, была, стал, быть, получил, можно, родился, начал
PRON
1328 ru-pos/PRON tokens (75% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Person co-occurred: Reflex=EMPTY (1328; 100%), Number=Sing (987; 74%).
PRON tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(116; 9% of non-emptyPerson): я, мы, н., нам, наших, нас, наши, мне, меня, наше2(23; 2% of non-emptyPerson): вы, вам, Ye, твоего, тебе, You, ti, Твой, вас, тебя3(1189; 90% of non-emptyPerson): его, он, их, её, она, они, ему, им, них, негоEMPTY(435): что, своей, себя, собой, свою, свой, своего, своих, свои, своё
ADJ
12 ru-pos/ADJ tokens (0% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Person co-occurred: Number=Sing (9; 75%), Gender=Masc (7; 58%), Animacy=Inan (7; 58%).
ADJ tokens may have the following values of Person:
3(12; 100% of non-emptyPerson): factus, Министерства, ТБАП, бедного, бедный, богатого, богатый, других, мм, новоеEMPTY(12516): второй, й, 2008, 2010, х, 2004, других, первый, 2012, 1
X
9 ru-pos/X tokens (1% of all X tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
X tokens may have the following values of Person:
3(9; 100% of non-emptyPerson): T, f, x, ŠEŠ, FMEMPTY(1691): же, и, за, лишь, только, даже, юго, ещё, северо, 2
PROPN
6 ru-pos/PROPN tokens (0% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Person co-occurred: Case=Nom (6; 100%), Gender=Masc (6; 100%), Number=Sing (6; 100%), Animacy=Anim (6; 100%).
PROPN tokens may have the following values of Person:
3(6; 100% of non-emptyPerson): Бильге, Газанфер, Дональд, Любомирский, Мельцер, СебастьянEMPTY(7598): России, США, СССР, декабря, января, сентября, марта, августа, июня, ноября
DET
5 ru-pos/DET tokens (0% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Person co-occurred: Case=Nom (4; 80%), Number=Sing (3; 60%), Gender=Neut (3; 60%).
DET tokens may have the following values of Person:
3(5; 100% of non-emptyPerson): это, все, те, тогоEMPTY(1668): это, который, этого, того, том, которые, то, все, этом, тем
SYM
1 ru-pos/SYM tokens (1% of all SYM tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
SYM tokens may have the following values of Person:
3(1; 100% of non-emptyPerson): cmEMPTY(157): %, /, +, *, °, =, $, €, justjared.com
ADV
1 ru-pos/ADV tokens (0% of all ADV tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
ADV tokens may have the following values of Person:
3(1; 100% of non-emptyPerson): priusEMPTY(2141): более, как, так, только, вместе, затем, впервые, позже, здесь, менее
NUM
1 ru-pos/NUM tokens (0% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (1; 100%), Animacy=EMPTY (1; 100%), Number=EMPTY (1; 100%), Case=Nom (1; 100%).
NUM tokens may have the following values of Person:
3(1; 100% of non-emptyPerson): М25EMPTY(1899): 2, два, один, 1, двух, 10, 4, три, 3, 5
Relations with Agreement in Person
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (169; 75%),
X –[nmod]–> X (4; 67%),
PROPN –[name]–> PROPN (3; 100%),
ADJ –[remnant]–> ADJ (2; 100%),
VERB –[vocative]–> PRON (2; 100%),
X –[conj]–> X (1; 100%),
ADJ –[advmod]–> ADV (1; 100%).
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.
39883 tokens (4%) have a non-empty value of Person.
7775 types (7%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
3061 lemmas (8%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/VERB (37871; 4% instances), ru-pos/AUX (2012; 0% instances).
VERB
37871 ru-pos/VERB tokens (32% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (37871; 100%), Case=EMPTY (37871; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (37871; 100%), Mood=Ind (36893; 97%), Voice=Act (35840; 95%), Aspect=Imp (31968; 84%), Tense=Pres (31425; 83%), Number=Sing (24188; 64%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(3340; 9% of non-emptyPerson): скажем, думаю, знаю, можем, могу, хочу, видим, помню, считаю, хотим2(2021; 5% of non-emptyPerson): знаете, можете, см., давайте, хотите, видите, помните, представьте, давай, хочешь3(32510; 86% of non-emptyPerson): может, есть, нет, могут, является, говорит, стоит, идет, имеет, говорятEMPTY(79421): было, стал, сказал, быть, стало, стали, сделать, сказать, делать, мог
| Paradigm МОЧЬ | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aspect=Imp|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres | могу | можешь | может |
| Aspect=Imp|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres | можем | можете | могут |
| Aspect=Perf|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut | смогу | сможешь | сможет |
| Aspect=Perf|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut | сможем | сможете | смогут |
AUX
2012 ru-pos/AUX tokens (25% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Person co-occurred: Voice=Act (2012; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (2012; 100%), Aspect=Imp (2012; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (2012; 100%), Tense=Pres (1986; 99%), Mood=Ind (1986; 99%), Number=Sing (1306; 65%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(151; 8% of non-emptyPerson): будем, буду, есть2(61; 3% of non-emptyPerson): будь, будете, будешь, будьте, есть3(1800; 89% of non-emptyPerson): будет, будут, есть, сутьEMPTY(5881): было, был, были, была, быть, будучи, бывшие, бывшем, бывший
| Paradigm БЫТЬ | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mood=Imp|Number=Sing | будь | ||
| Mood=Imp|Number=Plur | будьте | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres | буду, есть | будешь, есть | будет, есть |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres | будем | будете, есть | будут, есть, суть |
Relations with Agreement in Person
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (3798; 70%),
VERB –[appos]–> VERB (14; 100%),
VERB –[name]–> VERB (2; 100%).
Person in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]